Specified method of assessing the fire resistance of ribbed plates by loss of integrity

Sidnei Stanislav

National University of Civil Protection of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7664-6620

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52363/2524-0226-2024-40-11

Keywords: dangerous fire factors, fire resistance, ribbed slabs, through cracks, integrity, modeling

Аnnotation

An investigation was carried out to evaluate the immersion capacity of reinforced concrete ribbed slabs at the borderline stage of loss of integrity. EN 1992-1-2 has daily diversification methods for determining the limits and class of immersiveness of reinforced concrete slabs at the limiting point of loss of integrity (E). The scientific work is aimed at directly tracking the concentration of the two boundary conditions of the immersive capacity: non-bearing capacity (R) and thermal insulation capacity (I). Experimental testing is subject to criticism due to the difficulties of fixing the sign of the onset of the borderline stage of loss of integrity, despite the need to control the unheated surface of the ribbed slab after an hour. in the case of mechanical engineering. Even the methodology for carrying out destructuring before assessing the absorbency of reinforced-concrete ribbed slabs behind the boundary mill station loses no integ-rity. In order to ensure the safe evacuation of people in the event of a fire, the protection of more or unsafe officials, as well as the effective work of the military personnel, it is necessary to stagnate the civil servants design with guaranteed immersion resistance classes. The results of the most important thermal and static problems are presented, which are related to the distribution of temperature and the stress-deformation process of a ribbed plate. Carrying out research into the ingressivity of reinforced-concrete ribbed slabs with the protection of the boundary mill at the loss of integrity has made it possible to establish the deposits between the insulation of these structures at a loss integrity depending on the level of applied mechanical strength. Removing the laying schedule makes it possible to evaluate reinforced concrete ribbed slabs based on the criterion of the moment of the boundary stage of loss of integrity, which makes it possible to evaluate more objectively the immersiveness of such future constructions.

References

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4. Sidnei, S., Nekora, О., Rudeshko, I., Berezovskyi, A., Kostenko, T., Ishchenko, I. (2023). Research on fire resistance of reinforced concrete ribbed slab. Emergencies: Prevention and Elimination, 7(2), 217–226. doi: 10.31731/
   2636.2023.7.2.217.226
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Results of the heating of reinforced concrete slabs with a corrugated profile during the thermal effect of fire

Stepanenko Vitalii

National University of Civil Protection of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0839-197X

Nuianzin Oleksandr

National University of Civil Protection of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2527-6073

Perehin Alina

National University of Civil Protection of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2062-5537

Kryshtal Dmitro

National University of Civil Protection of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1766-3244

Kopytin Dmitro

National University of Civil Protection of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2505-9394

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52363/2524-0226-2024-40-9

Keywords: experiment, fire, fragment, furnace, reinforced concrete, steel, steel-reinforced concrete, stove, temperature, reproducibility

Аnnotation

Three experiments were conducted on heating fragments of reinforced concrete slabs with a corrugated profile in a small-sized installation and the results of the thermal effect of fire at control points were analyzed for the possibility of their use when assessing the fire resistance of the specified building structures. The methodology and results of experiments on heating frag-ments of reinforced concrete slabs with a corrugated profile and the study of the temperature on heated and unheated surfaces, in the reinforcement layer and at control points were substantiated. Conducting the above-mentioned experiments in a small-sized installation for the study of the thermal effect of fire on building structures without mechanical load consisted in the effect of the standard temperature regime of fire with one-sided heating. To measure the temperature in the furnace and in the investigated fragments, thermocouples were used, which can be used to measure temperatures in the range from 0 to 1300 ℃ and thermistors to measure temperatures in the range from -30 to 300 ℃. According to the conducted experiment, there was a uniform distribution of temperatures on the heating surface of the studied small fragment, the maximum temperature reached was 760 ℃. Maximum temperatures: at control points it was 145 ̊℃; on the unheated surface it was 45 ℃, and at the level of the armature – 350 ℃. Studies are limited to 60 minutes, since the temperature can then approach the stationary one. The adequacy of the experimental data was confirmed: the relative deviation did not exceed 4.1 %, and the calculated adequacy criteria (Fisher, Student and Cochrane) were below the critical value. The initial data of the experimental study can serve as the basis for reproducing the temperature field inside the slab.

References

1. Nuianzin, O. M. (2023). Rozvytok naukovykh osnov otsinyuvannya vohnestiykosti zalizobetonnykh budivelʹnykh konstruktsiy z vykorystannyam malohabarytnykh modulʹnykh vohnevykh pechey. Dys. ... d-r. tekhn. nauk : 21.06.02, Lʹviv: Lʹvivsʹkyy derzhavnyy universytet bezpeky zhyttyediyalʹnosti, 418. Available at: http://repositsc.nuczu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/20657
2. Perehin, A. V. (2024). Udoskonalennya eksperymentalʹno-rozrakhunkovoho metodu otsinyuvannya mezhi vohnestiykosti nesuchykh zalizobetonnykh stin. Dys. ... d-r filosofiyi : 261, Cherkasy: CHIPB im. Heroyiv Chornobylya NUTSZ Ukrayiny, 162. Available at: https://chipb.dsns.gov.ua/upload/1/9/9/7/2/4/9/disertaciia-alini-peregin-udoskonalennia-eksperimentalno-rozraxunkovogo-metodu-ociniuvannia-mezi-vognestiikosti-nesucix-zalizobetonnix-stin.pdf
3. DSTU EN 1363-1:2023. (2023). Vyprobuvannya na vohnestiykistʹ. Chastyna 1. Zahalʹni vymohy (EN 1363-1:2020, IDT).
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6. Nuianzin, O., Kozak, A., Yanishevskyi, V., Kryshtal, V. (2024). Study of the thermal effect of fire on fragments of reinforced concrete columns based on the results of experimental tests. Strength of Materials and Theory of Structures, (112), 202–208.
7. Perehin, A., Nuianzin, O. (2021). Etapy stvorennya prototypu vohnevoyi ustanovky dlya vyznachennya temperaturnykh rozpodiliv malohabarytnykh frahmentiv zalizobetonnykh konstruktsiy. Nadzvychayni sytuatsiyi: poperedzhennya ta likviduvannya, 5(2), 75–82. Available at: http://repositsc.nuczu.edu.ua/
   handle/123456789/21262
8. Nuianzin, O., Borysova, A. (2023). Rozrakhunkove otsinyuvannya mezhi vohnestiykosti zalizobetonnoyi plyty za rezulʹtatamy vohnevykh vyprobuvanʹ bez mekhanichnoho navantazhennya. Civil security: Public administration and crisis management, (1(2)), 25–40. http://repositsc.nuczu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/20741
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Regularities of blame in great and middle populations of Ukrain

Kovalenko Roman

National University of Civil Protection of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2083-7601

Kalynovskyi Andrii

National University of Civil Protection of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1021-5799

Nazarenko Sergii

National University of Civil Protection of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0891-0335

Zhuravskij Maxim

National University of Civil Protection of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8356-8600

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52363/2524-0226-2024-40-10

Keywords: fire, martial law, statistical hypothesis, law of distribution, emergency and rescue formation, Pearson’s test

Аnnotation

The process of fire occurrence in settlements of Ukraine with a population of 50 to 500 thousand people for the period from 2021 to 2023 was studied. The statistical hypothesis that the process of fire occurrence in settlements can be described by statistical laws was tested. It was established that the process of fire occurrence in large and medium-sized settlements of Ukraine in most cases can be described by statistical laws. It was found that for the period of 2021, the process of fire occurrence could be described by Poisson and geometric distribution laws, which in percentage terms is 44 % and 58 % of cases, respectively. There were also cases when, for individual settlements, the specified process could be described by two distribution laws at once, which in percentage terms is 26 % of cases and is not sufficiently clear. It was not possible to establish a single distribution law for 24 % of the studied settlements. For the period of 2022 and 2023, the process of fire occurrence could be described by Poisson, a geometric and exponential distribution law, which in percentage terms for the period of 2022 is 36 %, 64 % and 6 % of cases, and for the period of 2023 – 36 %, 58 % and 2 % of cases, respectively. The number of cases when the mentioned process could be described at once by several distribution laws for the period of 2022 is 24 %, and for the period of 2023 – 16 %. It was not possible to establish any distribution law for the period of 2022 for 20 % of the studied settlements, and for the period of 2023 this indicator was also 20 %. In the future, it is planned to investigate the level of reliability of forecasts of the number of fires when using known forecasting methods during martial law.

References

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2. Artés, T., Oom, D., Rigo, D., Durrant, T., Maianti, P., Libertà, G., San-Miguel-Ayanz, J. (2019). A global wildfire dataset for the analysis of fire regimes and fire behaviour, 296. Available at: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41597-019-0312-2
3. Rui, R., Hui, Z., Zhao, H., Siyue, H., Xiuling, W. (2019). Statistical analysis of fire accidents in Chinese highway tunnels 2000–2016. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 83, 452–460. doi: 10.1016/j.tust.2018.10.008
4. Yongchang, Z., Panpan, G., Sivaparthipan, C. B., Bala, A. M. (2021). Big data and artificial intelligence based early risk warning system of fire hazard for smart cities. Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments, 45, 100986. doi: 10.1016/j.seta.2020.100986
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7. Bilir, S., Gurcanli, G. E. (2016). A Method to Calculate the Accident Probabilities in Construction Industry Using a Poisson Distribution Model. Advances in Safety Management and Human Factors: Proceedings of the AHFE 2016 International Conference on Safety Management and Human Factors, July 27–31, 2016, 513–523. Available at: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-41929-9_47
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Оptimization of the composition of neutral gases for fire extinguishing in museum reservoirs

Ostapov Kostiantyn

National University of Civil Protection of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1275-741X

Oleksii Chaplyhin

State Emergency Service of Ukraine in the Kharkiv region

http://orcid.org/0009-0005-9818-0277

Lisniak Andrii

National University of Civil Protection of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5526-1513

Hrytsyna Ihor

National University of Civil Protection of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2581-1614

Shevchenko Serhii

National University of Civil Protection of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6740-9252

Kryvoruchko Yevhen

National University of Civil Protection of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7332-9593

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52363/2524-0226-2024-40-8

Keywords: museum storage facilities, fire extinguishing mixture of neutral gases, architectural, structural and spatial planning solutions, fire protection

Аnnotation

          An effective fire extinguishing system has been created for extinguishing fires in museum warehouses with a mixture of neutral gases that do not distort museum artistic values and are able to compete with the best foreign examples of volumetric gas fire extinguishing systems. The proportion of the gas mixture consisting of argon, nitrogen and carbon dioxide has been optimized for fire extinguishing of museum art treasures. Taking into account the requirements of the Montreal Protocol on substances that deplete the ozone layer, an analysis of the state of the issue and the specifics of the solution to the problem of gas extinguishing fires in art museums and their fund storages was carried out. The direction of improvement of the existing automatic volumetric fire extinguishing installations with neutral gases has been determined. An effective and relatively inexpensive composition of a mixture of neutral gases has been developed for use in volume extinguishing of possible fires in fund repositories and museums, which ensures the preservation of material and artistic-aesthetic values without their distortion. Volume fractions of two mixtures of neutral gases № 14 (CO2=50 %, N2=40 %, Ar=10 %) and № 15 (СО2= 40 %, N2=50 %, Ar=10 %) were determined, which are close by its composition and have the best fire-extinguishing efficiency indicators in terms of extinguishing time of the model fire 4.6 s and 4.8 s. A test laboratory stand was created, as an analogue of a volumetric gas fire extinguishing installation with a mixer of the components of the proposed working mixture of neutral gases, on which the indicators of the effectiveness of extinguishing model fires were worked out when extinguishing samples of various fragments of artistic underdrawings on parts of line and Whatman. The technical parameters of the working chamber of the laboratory stand are substantiated, and the rational ratio of pressures filling the stand mixer with components of a mixture of neutral gases is recognized based on its mathematical model, which makes it possible to improve existing industrial installations of various sizes. The price reduction of the proposed neutral gas is justified.

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