Model of tank roof heating under the influence of a fire in an adjacent tank

 

Maksym Maksymenko

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1888-4815

 

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52363/2524-0226-2022-36-18

 

Аnnotation

The thermal effect of a fire in a tank with an oil product to the similar nearby tank is considered. Model of heating the roof of the tank was built. It takes into account the radiant heat transfer from the fire and to the surrounding environment, the radiant heat transfer from the inner surface to the space inside the tank, the convection heat transfer to the air and to the vapor-air mixture in the inner space of the tank. The feature of the model is taking into account that wind inclines the fire and changes of the convection mode for the outer surface of the tank roof. The inclination of the flame to the adjacent tank under the influence of the wind leads to increasing the mutual radiation coefficient between the flame and the tank roof. In particular, for wind speed of 2 m/s this coefficient increases by 64 % compared to the case without wind. It is shown that for the standard distances between vertical steel tanks with a capacity up to 20,000 m3, in dimensionless coordinates the radiation coefficient depends only on the type of burning liquid. With using the similarity theory methods, an estimation of the convection heat transfer coefficient was obtained for free and forced convection on the outer surface of the tank roof. An estimation for convection heat transfer coefficient with the vapor-air mixture in the gas space of the tank was obtained for the inner surface. To determine the temperature distribution inside the roof of the tank, the heat conduction equation was used. Its boundary conditions describe the heat flow on the outer and inner surfaces of the roof. The finite difference method was used to solve the equation. It is shown that the danger of fire spreading increases with increasing wind speed towards the adjacent tank. If no wind then the roof of the tank reaches a temperature of 250 ºС after 8 min. But for wind speed of 2 m/s this time reduces to 4,3 min.

 

Keywords: fire in a tank, thermal effect of fire, radiant heat exchange, convection heat exchange

 

References

  1. Ni, Z., Wang, Y. (2016). Relative risk model for assessing domino effect in chemical process industry. Safety Science, 87, 156–166. doi: 10.1016/j.ssci. 03.026
  2. Otrosh, Yu., Semkiv, O., Rybka, E., Kovalov, A. (2019). About need of calculations for the steel framework building in temperature influences conditions. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 708(1). doi: 10.1088/1757-899X/708/1/012065
  3. Yang, R., Wang, Z., Jiang, J., Shen, S, Sun, P., Lu, Y. (2020). Cause analysis and prevention measures of fire and explosion caused by sulfur corrosion. Engineering Failure Analysis, 108, 104342. doi: 10.1016/j.engfailanal.2019.104342
  4. Kustov, M. V., Kalugin, V. D., Tutunik, V. V., Tarakhno, E. V. (2019). Physicochemical principles of the technology of modified pyrotechnic compositions to reduce the chemical pollution of the atmosphere. Chemistry and Chemical Technology Issues, 1, 92–99. doi: 10.32434/0321-4095-2019-122-1-92-99
  5. Mygalenko, K., Nuyanzin, V., Zemlianskyi, A., Dominik, A., Pozdieiev, S. (2018). Development of the technique for restricting the propagation of fire in natural peat ecosystems. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 1 (10), 31–37. doi: 10.15587/1729-4061.2018.121727
  6. Popov, O., Iatsyshyn, A., Kovach, V., Artemchuk, V., Kameneva, I., Taraduda, D., Sobyna, V., Sokolov, D., Dement, M., Yatsyshyn, T. (2020). Risk assessment for the population of Kyiv, Ukraine as a result of atmospheric air pollution. Journal of Health and Population, 10(25). doi: 10.5696/2156-9614-10.25.200303
  7. Zhang, Z., Zong, R., Tao, C., Ren, J., Lu, S. (2020). Experimental study on flame height of two oil tank fires under different lip heights and distances. Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 139, 182–190. doi: 10.1016/j.psep.2020.04.019
  8. Mukunda, H. S., Shivakumar, A., Bhaskar Dixit, C. S. (2021). Modelling of unsteady pool fires – fuel depth and pan wall effects. Combustion Theory and Modelling. doi: 10.1080/13647830.2021.1980229
  9. Elhelw, M., El-Shobaky, A., Attia, A, El-Maghlany, W. M. (2021). Advanced dynamic modeling study of fire and smoke of crude oil storage tanks. Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 146, 670–685. doi: 10.1016/j.psep.2020.12.002
  10. Semerak, M., Pozdeev, S., Yakovchuk, R., Nekora, O., Sviatkevich, O. (2018). Mathematical modeling of thermal fire effect on tanks with oil products. MATEC Web of Conferences, 247(00040). doi: 10.1051/matecconf/201824700040
  11. Espinosa S. N., Jaca R. C., Godoy L. A. (2019). Thermal effects of fire on a nearby fuel storage tank // Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, 62(103990). Doi:10.1016/j.jlp.2019.103990
  12. Li, Y., Jiang, J., Zhang, Q., Yu, Y., Wang, Z., Liu, H., Shu, C.-M. (2019). Static and dynamic flame model effects on thermal buckling: Fixed-roof tanks adjacent to an ethanol pool-fire. Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 127, 23–35. doi: 10.1016/j.psep.2019.05.001
  13. Ahmadi, O., Mortazavi, S. B., Pasdarshahri, H., Mohabadi, H. A. (2019). Consequence analysis of large-scale pool fire in oil storage terminal based on computational fluid dynamic (CFD). Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 123, 379–389. doi: 10.1016/j.psep.2019.01.006
  14. Abramov, Y. A., Basmanov, O. E., Mikhayluk, A. A., Salamov, J. (2018). Model of thermal effect of fire within a dike on the oil tank. Naukovyi Visnyk NHU, 2, 95–100. doi: 10.29202/nvngu/2018-2/12
  15. Lackman, T., Hallberg, M. (2016). A dynamic heat transfer model to predict the thermal response of a tank exposed to a pool fire. Chemical engineering transactions, 48, 157–162. doi: 10.3303/CET1648027
  16. Basmanov O., Maksymenko M., Oliinik V. (2021). Modeling the thermal effect of a fire in an oil tank to the next tank. Problems of Emergency Situations, 2(34), 4–20. doi: 10.52363/2524-0226-2021-34-1
  17. Basmanov O., Maksymenko M. (2022). Modeling the thermal effect of fire to the adjacent tank in the presence of wind. Problems of Emergency Situations, 1(35), 239–253. doi: 10.52363/2524-0226-2022-35-18
  18. Fire Fighting Leader Handbook. (2017). Kyiv book and magazine factory, 2017, 320.

 

Influence of filter respirators on speech reasonability

 

Sergey Cheberiachko

Dnipro University of Technology

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5866-4393

 

Yuriy Cheberiachko

Dnipro University of Technology

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7307-1553

 

Dmitry Radchuk

Dnipro University of Technology

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8034-541X

 

Oleg Deryugin

Dnipro University of Technology

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2456-7664

 

Sharovatova Sharovatova

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2736-2189

 

Tatiana Lutsenko

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7373-4548

 

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52363/2524-0226-2022-36-17

 

Keywords: filter respirator, mobile phone, rate of speech, volume of speech, intelligibility of words

 

Аnnotation

The deterioration of the intelligibility of the words was determined during communication by mobile phone of the speakers in the filter respirator. There were 20 speakers graduates (male and female) aged 18 to 22 years who had participated in the research. They took turns in the room with a mobile phone and a laptop. The random words was appeared on the screen of devices which speakers in a filter respirator, told the listener in another room by a mobile phone located at a certain distance and near the ear. Hearing the word, the listener repeated it on the phone. Additionally, the following were controlled: the volume of the speech – with a noise level meter and the distance of the phone from the speaker – with a ruler. It was found that in the presented models of filter respirator the impact on the speech process is insignificant and ranges from statistical error from 2 % to 11 %. It is depend on the density of filter layers of materials and the degree of adhesion of the filter respirator to the user's face, which can affect facial expressions. Clarified when the volume of speech increases, their intelligibility increases too, but on the level of 70 dB it destabilizes and almost does not change. Studies have testified, when the rate of speech slows down twice, the intelligibility of participant´s language which using filter respirator improves to 5 %. There are some recommendations for improving speech intelligibility during communicating by mobile phone using a filter respirator.

 

References

  1. Scarano, A., Inchingolo, F., Lorusso, F. (2020). Facial skin temperature and discomfort when wearing protective face masks: thermal infrared imaging evaluation and hands moving the mask. International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(13), 4624. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17134624
  2. Tardif, J., Fiset, D., Zhang, Y., Estéphan, A., Cai, Q., Luo, C., Sun, D., Gosselin, F., Blais, C. (2017). Culture shapes spatial frequency tuning for face identification. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance. Nov, 43(2): 294–306. doi: 10.1037/xhp0000288
  3. Carbon, C-C. (2020). Wearing Face Masks Strongly Confuses Counterparts in Reading Emotions. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 566886. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.566886
  4. Atcherson, S. R., Mendel, L. L., Baltimore, W. J., Patro, C., Lee, S., Pousson, M., Spann, M. J. (2017). The effect of conventional and transparent surgical masks on speech understanding in individuals with and without hearing loss. Journal of the American Academy of Audiology, 28, 58–67. doi: 10.3766/jaaa.15151
  5. Rahne, T., Fröhlich, L., Plontke, S., Wagner, L. (2021). Influence of surgical and № 95 face masks on speech perception and listening effort in noise. PLoSONE, 16(7), e0253874. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253874
  6. Sommerstein, R., Fux, C. A., Vuichard-Gysin, D., Abbas, M., Marschall, J., Balmelli, C., Troillet, N., Harbarth, S., Schlegel, M., Widmer, A., Balmelli, C., Eisenring, M. C., Harbarth S., Marschall J., Pittet D., Sax H., Schlegel M., Schweiger A., Senn L., Troillet N., Widmer A. F.,Zanetti G. (2020). Risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission by aerosols, the rational use of masks, and protection of healthcare workers from COVID-19. Antimicrobial resistance & infection control, 9, 100. doi: 10.1186/s13756-020-00763-0
  7. Viter, M. V., Kush, S. M. (2015). Otsinka rozbirlyvosti movy na osnovi formantno-modulyatsiynoho metodu [Assessment of speech intelligibility based on the formant-modulation method]. XIII All-Ukrainian scientific and practical conference of students, postgraduates and young scientists, 1–2. Available online: http://ptmip.ipt.kpi.ua/wp-content/uploads/sites/6/2014/06/viter.pdf
  8. Karamzina, L. A. Psykho-fiziolohichni modeli vidchuttya i spryynyattya movnykh syhnaliv: v chomu riznytsya vidtvorennya [Psychophysiological models of sensation and perception of speech signals: what is the difference in reproduction]. Ukrainian Journal of Medicine, 1(1), 58–61. Available online: http://nbuv.gov.ua/ UJRN/ujmbs_2016_1_14
  9. Mendel, L. L., Gardino, J. A., Atcherson, S. R. (2008). Speech understanding using surgical masks: a problem in health care. Journal of the American Academy of Audiology, 19, 686–95. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253874
  10. Grange, J. A, Culling, J. F. (2016). The benefit of head orientation to speech intelligibility in noise. Journal of the American Academy of Audiology, 139, 703–712, doi: 10.1121/1.4941655
  11. Hampton, D., Culp-Roche, A., Hensley, A., Wilson, J., Otts, J. A., Thaxton-Wiggins, A., Fruh, S., Moser, D. K. (2020). Self-efficacy and satisfaction with teaching in online courses. Nurse educator, 45(6), 302–306. doi: 10.1097/NNE. 0000000000000805
  12. Coyne, K. M., Barker, D. J. (2014). Speech intelligibility while wearing full-facepiece air-purifying respirators. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, 11(11), 751–756. doi: 10.1080/15459624.2014.908257
  13. Corey, R. M., Jones, U., Singer, A. C. (2020). Acoustic effects of medical, cloth, and transparent face masks on speech signals. Journal of the American Academy of Audiology, 148, 2371. doi: 10.1121/10.0002279
  14. Goldin, A., Weinstein, B., Shiman, N. (2020). How do medical masks degrade speech reception.Hearing review, 27, 8–9. Available online: https://hearingreview.com/hearing-loss/health-wellness/how-do-medical-masks-degrade-speech-reception
  15. Saeidi, R., Huhtakallio, I., Alku, P. (2016). Analysis of Face Mask Effect on Speaker Recognition. INTERSPEECH, 1800–1804. doi: 10.21437/Interspeech.2016-518
  16. Munro, K., Stone M. (2020). The challenges of facemasks for people with hearing loss. ENT & audiology. Available online: https://www.entandaudiologynews. com/features/audiology-features/post/the-challenges-of-facemasks-for-people-with-hea-ring-loss
  17. Official website of the Ukrainian Cultural Foundation. Test for communication in Ukrainian. Available online: https://www.moyamova.in.ua
  18. Saunders, G. H., Jackson, I. R., Visram, A. S. (2020). Impacts of face coverings on communication: An indirect impact of COVID-19. International journal of Audiology, 60(7), 495–506. doi: 10.1080/14992027.2020.1851401
  19. Waters, A. M., LeBeau, R. T., Craske, M. G. (2017). Experimental psychopathology and clinical psychology: an integrative model to guide clinical science and practice. Psychopathology review, 4(2), 112–128. doi: 10.5127/pr.038015
  20. Atcherson, S. R., Mendel, L. L., Baltimore, W. J., Patro, C., Lee, S., Pousson, M., Spann, M. J. (2017). The effect of conventional and transparent surgical masks on speech understanding in individuals with and without hearing loss. Journal of the American Academy of Audiology, 28, 58–67. doi: 10.3766/jaaa.15151
  21. Maksymenko, S., Terletsʹka, L., Hlavnyk, O. (2004). Psykholohichnyy instrumentariy. Pamʺyatʹ dytyny [Psychological tools. A child's memory]. К.: Hlavnyk, 112. Available online: https://library.udpu.edu.ua/library_files/ece/6660_01.pdf (In Ukrainian)
  22. Doutres, O., Salissou, Ya., Atalla, N., Panneton R. (2010). Evaluation of the acoustic and non-acoustic properties of sound absorbing materials using a three-microphone impedance tube. Applied acoustics, 71, 506–509. Availableonline:https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00508767
  23. Chodosh, J., Weinstein, B. E., Blustein, J. (2020). Face masks can be devastating for people with hearing loss [Editorial]. British Medical Journal, 370, m2683. doi: 10.1136/bmj.m2683

 

Study of water resistance of silica protective coatings based on liquid glass

 

Olga Skorodumova

National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8962-0155

 

Olena Tarakhno

National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9385-9874

 

Olena Chebotareva

National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7321-8700

 

Serhii Harbuz

National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6345-6214

 

Hanna Radchenko

National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6455-3582

 

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52363/2524-0226-2022-36-15

 

Keywords: liquid glass, fire-retardant coatings, textile materials, water resistance, lay-by-layer assembly, fire resistance

 

Аnnotation

The water resistance of cotton textile materials impregnated with SiO2 sols obtained on the basis of liquid glass was studied. Experimental coatings on fabrics were prepared by the bath method. After applying each coating layer and removing excess ash, the experimental samples were dried at (60–80) ºС. Fabric samples impregnated with sol SiO2 were immersed in containers with distilled water maintaining the same sample/water ratio. The fire-retardant properties of the coatings were determined after standing in water for 2–72 hours. The degree of destruction of coatings during hydrolysis was studied by determining the optical density of the hydrolyzate above the surface of the samples using the spectrophotometric (KFK-2) method. Fire-resistant properties were determined at a laboratory installation for fire tests. Under the influence of water, partial hydration of the surface of the silica coating occurs, which does not lead to its destruction. The presence of a layer of adsorbed water molecules on the surface of the coating is the reason for an additional increase in the fire-retardant properties of the samples. It is shown that the degree of homogeneity of the SiO2 sol affects the resistance to hydrolysis of the gel coatings. Low-concentration SiO2 sols (8 %), which are characterized by high fluidity and have a long service life, have a predominant effect. The long-term effect of water provides an increase in the fire-retardant properties of impregnated samples in comparison with non-impregnated fabric samples. The concentration and degree of homogeneity of the SiO2 sol have a predominant effect on the flame retardant properties. The surface layer of flame-retardants prevents the final burning and smoldering of the samples after removing the fire source, but does not significantly affect values of flame-retardant properties.

 

References

  1. Rovira, J., Domingo, J. L. (2019). Human health risks due to exposure to inorganic and organic chemicals from textiles: Areview. Environmental Research, 168, 62–69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2018.09.027
  2. Chanchal, Kumar, Kundu, Lei, Song, Yuan, Hu. (2020). Sol-gel coatings from DOPO-alkoxysilanes: Efficacy in fire protection of polyamide 66 textiles. European Polymer Journal, 125, 109483. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.109483
  3. Fanglong, Z., Qun, X., Qianqian, F., Rangtong, L., Kejing, L. (2016). Influence of nano-silica on flame resistance behavior of intumescent flame retardant cellulosic textiles: Remarkable synergistic effect? Surface & Coatings Technology, 294, 90–94. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2016.03.059
  4. Alongi, J., Ciobanu, M., Malucelli, G. (2012). Sol–gel treatments on cotton fabrics for improving thermal and flame stability: effect of the structure of the alkoxysilane precursor. Carbohydrate Polymers, 87(1), 627–635. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.08.036
  5. Skorodumova, O., Tarakhno, O., Chebotaryova, O., Saveliev, D., Emen, F. (2021). Investigation of gas formation processes in cotton fabrics impregnated with binary compositions of ethyl silicate-flame retardant system, Materials Science Forum, 1038, 460–467. doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.1038.460
  6. Alongi, J., Ciobanu, M., Malucelli, G. (2012). Thermal stability, flame retardancy and mechanical properties of cotton fabrics treated with inorganic coatings synthesized through sol–gel processes. Carbohydrate Polymers, 87(3), 2093–2099. doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.10.032
  7. Skorodumova, O., Tarakhno, O., Chebotaryova, O., Bezuglov, O., Emen, F.M. (2021). The use of sol-gel method for obtaining fire-resistant elastic coatings on cotton fabrics. Materials Science Forum, 1038, 468–479. doi: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.1038.468
  8. Paul, B., Mahmud-Ali, A., Lenninger, M., Eberle, S., Bernt, I., Mayer, D., Bechtold, T. (2022). Silica incorporated cellulose fibres as green concept for textiles with reduced flammability. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 195, 109808. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2021.109808
  9. Yan, B., Zhou, Q., Zhu, X., Guo, J., Mia, M.S., Yan, X., Chen, G., Xing, T. (2019). A superhydrophobic bionic coating on silk fabric with flame retardancy and UV shielding ability. Applied Surface Science, 483, 929–939. doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2019.04.045
  10. Kakar, A., Jayamani, E., Khusairy, M., Bakri, B. Rahman,R. (2018). Durability and sustainability of the silica and clay and its nanocomposites. Silica and Clay Dispersed Polymer Nanocomposites Preparation. Properties and Applications, Woodhead Publishing Series in Composites Science and Engineering, 137–157. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-102129-3.00009-9
  11. Zhou, Y., Tang, R-C., Xing, T., Guan, J-P., Shen, Z-H., Zhai, A-D. (2019). Flavonoids-metal salts combination: A facile and efficient route for enhancing the flame retardancy of silk. Industrial Crops & Products, 130, 580–591. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2019.01.020
  12. Brancatelli, G., Colleoni, C., Massafra, M.R., Rosace, G. (2011). Effect of hybrid phosphorus-doped silica thin films produced by sol–gel method on the thermal behaviour of cotton fabrics. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 96(4), 483–490. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2011.01.013
  13. Kundu, C. K., Song, L., Hu, Y.(2020). Nanoparticles based coatings for multifunctional Polyamide 66 textiles with improved flame retardancy and hydrophilicity. Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, 112, 15–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtice.2020.07.013
  14. Alessandrade, J. R., Fonseca, S., Bufalino, L., Ribeiro, C., Martins, M. A., Marconcini, J. M., Tonoli, G. H. D. (2014). Evaluation of reaction factors for deposition of silica (SiO2) nanoparticles on cellulose fibers. Carbohydrate Polymers, 114, 424–431. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.08.042
  15. Skorodumova, O., Tarakhno, O., Chebotareva, O., Bajanova, K. (2022). Silicon Protective Coatings For Textile Materials Based On Liquid Glass. Problems of Emergency Situations, 1(35), 109–119. https://doi.org/10.52363/2524-0226-2022-35-8

 

Geometric modeling of epihypotrochoid profiles of single screw for MOINEAU pumps

 

Yevhen Linchevsky

Department of Emergency Prevention, DSNS

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2571-3352

 

Leonid Kutsenko

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1554-8848

 

Andrii Kalynovskyi

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1021-5799

 

Valeriya Semkiv

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1584-4754

 

Sergii Nazarenko

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0891-0335

 

Elena Sukharkova

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1033-4728

 

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52363/2524-0226-2022-36-16

 

Keywords: geometric modeling, Moineau single-screw pump, epihypotrochoid, conjugate curves, enveloping epihypotrochoid

 

Аnnotation

A method of calculating the geometric shapes of the surfaces that limit the rotor and the body of models of single-screw pumps of the Muano system is proposed. At the same time, the contours of the normal sections of the rotor and the housing satisfy the condition of mutual conjugation in the coordinate system of a plane that is perpendicular (normal) to the axis of the pump. The concept of epihypotrochoid curves, convenient for calculating the interconnected surfaces of the rotor and the body, is introduced. Which consist of working profiles of periodically located epitrochoids and hypotrochoids. Descriptions of epihypotrochoid curves in a parametric form were found, where each of the equations has the form of a single analytical expression. The interconnectedness of the contours of the normal sections of the rotor and the body is illustrated by means of graphic constructions. Based on this, the following methods have been developed: a) determination of the integral characteristics and contact lines of the epihypotrochoid contours of the rotor and the body of the Muano pumps; b) description of a cylindrical helical surface with an epihypotrochoid normal section. This made it possible to calculate the volume characteristics of the pump cavities. The proposed equations of epihypotrochoid curves can be used to study their differential characteristics – construction of tangents and normals, construction of velocity and acceleration vectors for a point moving along the epihypotrochoid. And it is also convenient to use to study their integral characteristics – calculation of the area of a figure bounded by a closed epihypotrochoid curve, or a figure between two epihypotrochoids. The obtained results can form the basis for the improvement of Muano single-screw pumps, which will expand the range of their application. It should be noted that Muano single-screw pumps are used for pumping various types of liquids, which can be used in the work of emergency and rescue services. The pumps are capable of pumping sewage and sewage water, oil products, foam concrete and sand-cement solutions, etc.

 

References

  1. Wittrisch, C., Cholet, H. (2012). Progressing cavity pumps: oil well production artificial lift. Editions Technip, 219. URL: http://www.editionstechnip.com/en/catalogue-detail/641/progressing-cavity-pumps.html
  2. Nelik, L., Brennan, J. (2013). Gulf pump guides: progressing cavity pumps, downhole pumps and mudmotors. Elsevier, 214. URL: https://www.amazon.com/Gulf-Pump-Guides-Progressing-Mudmotors/dp/0976511312
  3. El-Abd, F. M., Wahba, E. M., Adam, I. G. (2020). Viscous flow simulations through multi-lobe progressive cavity pumps. Petroleum Science, 17, 768–780. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12182-020-00458-6
  4. Nguyen, T., Tu, H., Al-Safran, E. Saasen, A. (2016). Simulation of single-phase liquid flow in progressing cavity pump. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 147, 617–623. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2014.07.009.
  5. Baroiu, N., Morosёanu, G., Teodor, V., Oancea, N. (2021). Roller profiling for generating the screw of a pump with progressive cavities. Inventions, 6, 34, 8 URL:https://www.mdpi.com/2411-5134/6/2/34
  6. Baroiu, N., Morosanu, G., Frumuşanu, G., Teodor, V. (2021). Study of the stator geometry for a Moineau pump. IOP Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering. January, 1009, 11. doi: 10.1088/1757-899X/1009/1/012003
  7. Donaldson, J., Feng, Y., Gennip, Y., Grann, H. (2006). Mathematical problems for Moineau pumps. Center for analysis, scientific computing and applications, orthopaedic biomechanics, discrete algebra and geometry, 49. URL:https://research.tue.nl/en/publications/mathematical-problems-for-moineau-pumps/fingerprints/
  8. Gravesen, J. (2008). The geometry of the Moineau pump. Computer Aided Geometric Design, 25, 9, 792–800. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cagd.2008.06.012
  9. Syzrantseva, K., Syzrantsev, V. (2016). Load on multipair contact zones of operating parts of screw pumps and motors: a computer analysis. International Conference on Industrial Engineering, 150, 768–774. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.proeng.2016.07.104
  10. Canessa, E., Baruzzo, M., Fonda, C. (2017). Study of Moineau-based pumps for the volumetric extrusion of pellets. Scientific Fabrication Laboratory: The Abdus Salam International сentre for theoretical physics, Trieste, Italy, 17, 9. doi: 10.1016/j.addma.2017.08.015
  11. Zheng, L., Wu, X., Han, G., Li, H., Zuo, Yi, Zhou, D. (2018). Analytical model for the flow in progressing cavity pump with the metallic stator and rotor in clearance fit. Mathematical Problems in Engineering vilume, 4, 1–14. doi: https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/3696930
  12. Nguyen, T., Bui, K., Al-Safran, E., Saasen, A. (2017). Theoretical modeling of positive displacement motor performance. Kuwait University, 17, 1–11. https://www.aade.org/application/files/8615/7132/1739/AADE-17-NTCE-026_-_Nguyen.pdf
  13. Lee, Sang Hyeop, Kwak, Hyo Seo, Han, Gi Bin, Kim, Chul (2019). Design of gerotor oil pump with 2-expanded cardioids lobe shape for noise reduction. Energies, 12(6), 1126, 16. doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/en12061126
  14. Baldenko, D. F., Baldenko, F. D., Gnoevikh, A. N. (2005). Odnovintovie gidravlicheskie mashini. OOO «IRTs Gazprom», 1. 488. URL: https://rusneb.ru/catalog/010003_000061_a732d201842726ef9d523e4dfc333dc6/
  15. Linchevskyi, Ye. A. (2010). Heometrychne modeliuvannia epihipotrokhoidnykh profiliv rotorno-planetarnykh mashyn: avtoref. dys. kand. tekh. Nauk : 05.01.01. Kyiv, 21. URL: http://www.irbis-nbuv.gov.ua/cgi-bin/irbis_nbuv/cgiirbis_64.exe.
  16. Rosokha, S. V., Linchevskyi, Ye. A. (2010). Diferentsіalnі ta іntegralnі kharakteristiki yepіgіpotrokhoїdnikh robochikh profіlіv rotorno-planetarnikh mashin: navch.-metod. posіb. Kharkіv: NUTSZU, 80. URL: https://discovery.kpi.ua/ Record/000287103
  17. Rosokha, S. V., Kutsenko, L. M. (2007). Geometrichne modelyuvannya ob'єmіv robochikh kamer rotorno-planetarnikh trokhoїdnikh mashin: monografіya. Kharkіv: UTSZU, 176 URL: http://www.irbis-nbuv.gov.ua/cgi-bin/irbis_nbuv/cgiirbis_64.exe

 

Research of the influence of the parameters of the generation and supply systems of compressed air foam

 

Stanislav Vinogradov

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2569-5489

 

Stanislav Shahov

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3914-2914

 

Оlexander Polivanov

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6396-1680

 

Dmytro Saveliev

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4310-0437

 

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52363/2524-0226-2022-36-14

 

Keywords: compression foam, generation process, fire extinguishing, compression foam generation and supply system

 

Аnnotation

Based on the analysis of thermodynamic processes, input and output parameters and basic principles of construction of the system of generation and supply of compression foam, it was determined that the essential parameters are the pressure at the compressor outlet, the diameters of the liquid and gas nozzles. With the help of a mathematical model of the compression foam generation process, integrated into the MathLab software environment, a study of the influence of the parameters of the compression foam supply system on its multiplicity was carried out. It was established that an increase in pressure from 4 to 6 bar, as well as an increase in the diameter of the liquid nozzle from 4 to 8 mm, is accompanied by a decrease in multiplicity by 136 %. When the pressure is further increased to 8 bar and the diameter is increased to 12 mm, there is a decrease in the multiplicity by 85 %. In relation to the increase in the value of the factor levels from the lower level to the upper one, there is a decrease in the foam multiplicity by almost 4,2 times. In the case of increasing the pressure and increasing the diameter of the air supply nozzle by 1,5 times, under the given conditions, there is an increase in the multiplicity of almost 2,5 times and is 18. In the case of increasing the pressure by 2 times and increasing the size of the air supply hole by 200 % from the lower levels of the factors in Table 1, there is an increase in the multiplicity of almost 4,5 times. It was established that the foam multiplicity K is affected by the throughput of water Dliq and air Dair nozzles. In the case of an increase or decrease in the water nozzle Dliq, the foam multiplicity K decreases or increases, respectively. The change in the multiplicity K from a change in the diameter of the air nozzle Dair is inversely proportional to the water nozzle Dliq, namely, for an increase or decrease in the diameter of the air nozzle da, the multiplicity K increases or decreases, respectively. Regression equations have been obtained, which allow further determination of the required parameters of systems for generating and supplying compression foam, depending on the foam of which multiplicity must be obtained.

 

References

  1. Dong–Ho, R., Jang–Won, L., Seonwoong, K. (2016). Class B Fire–Extinguishing Performance Evaluationof a Compressed Air Foam System at Differen Air–to–Aqueous Foam Solution Mixing Ratios. Applied Science, 6(191), 2. doi: 10.3390/app6070191
  2. Jing–yuan, C., Mao, X. (2014). Experimental Research of Integrated Compressed Air Foam System of Fixed (ICAF) for Liquid Fuel. Procedia Engineering, 71, 44.doi: 10.1016/j.proeng.2014.04.007
  3. Dhrupad, P. (2017). Experimental study of pressured ropan bubble size in a laboratory scale compressed air foam generation system, 135. URI: https://hdl.handle.net/11124/171192
  4. Tim,, Simone, K. (2018). Design fires with mixed-material burning cribs to determine the extinguishing effects of compressed air foams. Fire Safety Journal, 98, 3. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.firesaf.2018.03.004.
  5. Grachulin, A. V., Kamlyuk, A. N., Navrocki, O. D., Grachulin, A. V. (2017). Tushenie pozharov penogeneriruyushchimi sistemami so szhatym vozduhom. Vestnik Universiteta grazhdanskoj zashchity MCHS Belarusi, 1, 44. doi:10.33408/2519-237X.2017.1-1.44
  6. Feng, D. (2013). Analysis on Influencing Factors of the Gas–liquid Mixing Effect of Compressed Air Foam Systems. Procedia Engineering, 52, 105. doi: 10.1016/j.proeng.2013.02.113
  7. Tim, R., Philipp, B., Simone, K. (2019). Wood crib fire tests to evaluate the influence of extinguishing media and jet type on extinguishing performance at close range. Fire Safety Journal, 106, 136. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.firesaf.2019.04.014
  8. Kun, W., Jun, F., Shanjun, M., Xuqing, L., Jingwu, W. (2020). A theoretical and experimental study of extinguishing compressed air foam on an n-heptane storage tank fire with variable fuel thickness. Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 138, 117. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psep.2020.03.011
  9. Wang, Y., Yang, Z., Gao, X., Xiao, L. (2022).Experimental study on fire suppression and burn resistance of compressed air foam. Fire Science and Technology, 41(11), 1542. URL:http://www.xfkj.com.cn/EN/Y2022/V41/I11/1542
  10. Shakhov, S. M., Vinogradov, S. A., Kodrik, A. I., Titenko, O. M., Parkhomchyk, O. V. (2020). Mathematical modeling of gas-liquid flow in compressed air foam generation systems. Technology audit and production reserves, 4/3(54), 29. doi:10.15587/2706-5448.2020.210375
  1. V. Kokhanenko, S. Ragimov, O. Burmenko. Determination of remaining tire resource emergency rescue vehicles. P. 159-173.
  2. V. Makarenko. Study of the influence of crystal hydrates on the fire extinguishing properties of binary layers of porous materials. P. 147-158.
  3. S. Rudakov, О. Kulakov, О. Myrgorod, О. Petukhova. Efficiency of technical means of notifying aircraft passengers in emergency situations. P. 133-146.
  4. A. Zakora, A. Feshchenko. Accounting of semi-transparent obstacles in the model of working zone of the rtls-system of the emergency area. P. 122-132.