Accounting of semi-transparent obstacles in the model of working zone of the rtls-system of the emergency area

Оlexander Zakora

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9042-6838

Andrew Feshchenko

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4869-6428

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52363/2524-0226-2022-36-10

Keywords: RTLS-system, local positioning, translucent barrier, geometric factor, propagation of radio waves

Аnnotation

A mathematical model of the main types of translucent barriers of the differential-range-measurement system of local positioning has been developed, which allows for real-time forecasting of the working area of the system in the vicinity of an emergency situation. The characteristics of translucent barriers, which determine the quality of positioning and the accuracy characteristics of the system, are taken into account. To simplify the modeling, a number of assumptions are made regarding the parameters of the obstacles and the conditions of radio wave propagation, which make it possible to simplify the forecasting process. On the basis of the conducted research, classification and methods of mathematical description of the main types of barriers are proposed, which is proposed to be used as the basis of a mathematical forecasting model. On the basis of this classification, calculation algorithms and a program for operational forecasting of the working zone of local positioning have been developed, which allows taking into account the influence of the number of obstacles, the geometry of their location, and the properties of the radio wave propagation path on the shape of the working zone. In the modeling process, both geometric and general physical regularities of the formation of the field of radio navigation support are taken into account. A study of the operation of the modeling system in the presence of several radio beacons, with the presence of several construction barriers of different shapes and with different properties within the working area, was conducted. The developed mathematical model allows for the calculation of positioning zones with the determination of the limit conditions of reliability and accuracy of navigation support for rescuers. Taking into account the process of forecasting the impact of the shape and properties of obstacles in the emergency zone on the type and size of the working zone of the positioning system allows the head of emergency response works to make a justified management decision, ensure safe working conditions for rescuers and optimize the organization of work for the fastest emergency response.

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Improvement constructions cylinders of breathing apparatuses on compressed air

Vitaliy Sobyna

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/ 0000-0001-6908-8037

Dmutro Taraduda

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9167-0058

Mukhaylo Dement

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/ 0000-0003-4975-384Х

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52363/2524-0226-2022-36-8

Keywords: breathing apparatuses on compressed air, cylinder, polymer-composite material, liner

Аnnotation

A study was conducted to increase the reliability, durability, and weight reduction of cylinders for compressed air breathing apparatus of rescue service units. The design of composite cylinders with high-pressure air with improved characteristics, such as strength, permeability and ensuring hygienic standards, was developed, and with the aim of further verification of the proposed design, calculations were carried out, on the basis of which the possibility and feasibility of manufacturing high-pressure cylinders from mineral fiber in combination was confirmed with a binder, which is characterized by a relatively low cost and manufacturability when produced by traditional methods. The research was carried out with the aim of: developing a balloon design of high mass perfection and cost less than a similar metal-plastic balloon; ensuring the necessary carrying capacity of cylinders; determination of air permeability through the liner wall; determination of the type and amount of organic compounds released from the ma-terial of the liners during the storage of the cylinder filled with air. As a result of the research, it was established that: a cylinder with a liner with a wall thickness of 2.2 mm will lose its tightness after 45 days of exposure at a working pressure of 30 MPa due to a poorly made press mold, thinning of the liner in this place to 1.3 mm; a cylinder with a liner with a wall thickness of 4 mm at an operating pressure of 30 MPa, when observed for 135 days, will lose only 30 g in weight. A study of the hygienic characteristics of the cylinders showed that after exposure for 30 days at a temperature of 20 ˚C at an operating pressure of 30 MPa, in the air environment of the cylinders organic substances belonging to the class of aliphatic alcohols were found. Research proves the high efficiency of the use of composite-polymer cylinders for the purpose of preventing emer-gency situations at the facilities where they are operated, which confirms their usefulness and im-portance.                                                                                             

References

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6. Xiaoxiao, Niu, Guangfa, Hao, Chengliang, Zhang, Lei, Li. (2021). Design and Experimental Verification of Pressurized Cylinders in Hydraulic Rubber Hose Pressure Washers. International journal on the science and technology «Actuators», 10, 139. https://doi.org/10.3390/act10070139
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Fire resistance of fireproof reinforced concrete structures to increase the fire safety level of facilities

Yuriy Otrosh

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0698-2888

Andriy Kovalov

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6525-7558

Roman Purdenko

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6467-4133

Nina Rashkevich

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5124-6068

Roman Maiboroda

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3461-2959

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52363/2524-0226-2022-36-9

Keywords: fire resistance, fire-resistant reinforced concrete structures, fire resistance assessment, numerical modeling, fire protection, fire-resistant coating, LIRA-SAPR

Аnnotation

A structural and logical scheme was developed, which describes the provision of fire resistance of fire-resistant reinforced concrete structures based on the proposed mathematical model and the calculation-experimental method of evaluating the fire resistance of fire-resistant reinforced concrete structures. A mathematical model for evaluating the fire resistance of fire-resistant reinforced concrete structures was developed, which consists of the following stages: selection of the formalization apparatus, construction of the external description, verification of the model's operability, construction of the internal state, verification of operability, and identification of parameters. Initial and boundary conditions were formulated during the construction of the specified models, which allow predicting the fire resistance of the fire-resistant reinforced concrete structure with sufficient accuracy for engineering calculations. A computer model of the stress-strain state of a fire-resistant multi-hollow reinforced concrete floor was developed in the "LIRA-SAPR" software in order to increase the level of fire safety of buildings and structures. A static calculation of the fire-resistant reinforced concrete multi-hollow floor slab was carried out, as a result of which the stress-deformed state of the floor was obtained under the combined action of force and temperature loads. The results of numerical modeling were compared with the results of an experimental study of fire resistance. The accuracy of the developed computer model for evaluating the fire resistance of fire-resistant reinforced concrete structures was checked. Non-linear laws of deformation of the model materials were established, namely: exponential and piecewise linear, which take into account the modulus of elasticity of concrete, the coefficient of linear thermal deformation of concrete, the ultimate relative deformation of concrete, which allow with sufficient accuracy for engineering calculations (up to 5 %) to estimate the fire resistance of fire-resistant reinforced concrete structures.

References

1. Otrosh, Yu. A. (2018). Rozrobka pidkhodu do vyznachennya tekhnichnoho stanu budivelʹnykh konstruktsiy pry diyi sylovykh ta vysokotemperaturnykh vplyviv. Visnyk Odesʹkoyi derzhavnoyi akademiyi budivnytstva ta arkhitektury, 71, 54–60. Retrieve from http://repositsc.nuczu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/8399
2. Otrosh, Yu. A., Ruban, A. V., Haponova, A. S., Morozova, D. M. (2019). Pidkhid dlya vyznachennya tekhnichnoho stanu zalizobetonnykh konstruktsiy pry sylovykh i vysokotemperaturnykh vplyvakh. Problemy pozhezhnoyi bezpeky, 46, 148–154. Retrieve from http://repositsc.nuczu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/13532
3. Xu, Q., Han, C., Wang, Y. C., Li, X., Chen, L., & Liu, Q. (2015). Experimental and numerical investigations of fire resistance of continuous high strength steel reinforced concrete T-beams. Fire Safety Journal, 78, 142–154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.firesaf.2015.09.001
4. Rafika, Saudagar Ashpak and Hashmi, A. K. (2021). Review on Fire Resistance of Reinforced Concrete Column. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), 8, 4, 1881–1887. Retrieve from https://www.irjet.net/archives/V8/i4/IRJET-V8I4354.pdf
5. de Souza, R. C. S., Andreini, M., La Mendola, S., Zehfuß, J., & Knaust, C. (2019). Probabilistic thermo-mechanical finite element analysis for the fire resistance of reinforced concrete structures. Fire Safety Journal, 104, 22–33. Retrieve from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.firesaf.2018.12.005
6. Zheng, W., Hou, X., & Wang, Y. (2016). Progress and prospect of fire resistance of reinforced concrete and prestressed concrete structures. J. Harbin Inst. Technol, 48, 1–18. doi:10.11918/j.issn.0367-6234.2016.12.001
7. Ibrahimbegovic, A., Boulkertous, A., Davenne, L., Muhasilovic, M., & Pokrklic, A. (2010). On modeling of fire resistance tests on concrete and reinforced-concrete structures. Computers and concrete, 7(4), 285–301. doi: https://doi.org/10.12989/cac.2010.7.4.285
8. Tamrazyan, A. G., Mineev, M. S., & Urasheva, A. (2020). Fire Resistance of Reinforced Concrete Corrosion-Damaged Columns of the "Standard" Fire. In Key Engineering Materials, 828, 163–169. doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.828.163
9. Cvetkovska, M., Knezevic, M., Xu, Q., Chifliganec, C., Lazarevska, M., & Gavriloska, A. T. (2018). Fire scenario influence on fire resistance of reinforced concrete frame structure. Procedia engineering, 211, 28–35. Retrieve from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2017.12.134
10. Sasani, M. (2014). Progressive collapse resistance of reinforced concrete structures. Blast Mitigation. Springer, New York, NY, 331–350. doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-7267-4_11
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12. Kovalʹov, A. , Otrosh, Yu. A., Danilin, O. M. (2019). Eksperymentalʹni doslidzhennya vohnestiykosti zalizobetonnykh perekryttiv z systemoyu vohnezakhystu. Problemy pozhezhnoyi bezpeky: zb. nauk. pr., 45, 73–78. Retrieve from http://repositsc.nuczu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/9243
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Research of the performance conditions of the fuel heater of the internal combustion diesel engine

Roman Kovalenko

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2083-7601

Andriy Kalynovskyi

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1021-5799

Boris Kryvoshei

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2561-5568

Sergey Nazarenko

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

https//orcid.org/0000-0003-0891-0335

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52363/2524-0226-2022-36-7

Keywords: operating conditions of the fuel heater, special vehicle, diesel fuel, limit temperature of fuel filtration

Аnnotation

An improved design of the fuel heater of a diesel internal combustion engine is proposed, which ensures its operability under conditions when the cruising engine of a special vehicle is not started. The mentioned technical result is achieved by parallel connection to the known design of the fuel heater of the internal combustion diesel engine of the exhaust gas discharge pipeline, which is connected to the autonomous air heater of the vehicle cabin. Accordingly, the object of research is the design of special vehicles, and the subject of research is methods of improving the starting properties of diesel internal combustion engines in conditions of low ambient temperatures. Checking the performance of the proposed design of the fuel heater of the internal combustion diesel engine was performed by using well-known methods of calculating plate heat exchangers. For the calculations, the characteristics of the autonomous air heater of the vehicle cabin model «Planar-8DM-24» were used. It was established that the temperature of diesel fuel, which is maintained in the fuel tank near the fuel intake during the operation of the autonomous air heater of the vehicle cabin, under the condition that the start of the cruising engine is not carried out, is about 0 °C. This value is above the limit temperature of filtration of summer diesel fuel, that is, it allows us to assert the efficiency of the proposed design of the fuel heater. The proposed design of the diesel internal combustion engine fuel heater is most suitable for special vehicles operated by practical units and allows improving the starting properties of marching engines in conditions of low ambient temperatures.

References

1. Tiutiunyk,V., Ivanets,H., Tolkunov, I., Stetsyuk, E. (2018). System approach for readiness assessment units of civil defense to actions at emergency situations. Visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu, 1, 99-105. doi: 10.29202/nvngu/2018-1/7
2. Kovalenko,R., Kalynovskyi,A., Nazarenko, S., Kryvoshei, B., Grinchenko, E., Demydov, Z., Mordvyntsev, M., Kaidalov, R. (2019). Development of a method of completing emergency rescue units with emergency vehicles. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 3(100), 54–62. doi: 10.15587/1729-4061.2019.175110
3. Park,Y., Hwang,J., Bae, C., Kim, K., Lee, J., Pyo, S. (2015). Effects of diesel fuel temperature on fuel flow and spray characteristics. Fuel, 162, 1–7. doi: 10.1016/j.fuel.2015.09.008
4. Jeong-Hwa,L., Hyung-Won,P., Woong-Su, L., Young-Jea, L., Bo-Hee, L., Dal-Hwan, Y. (2014). Low Temperature Fluidity Performance Evaluation of Composited Package Fuel Heater for Diesel Cars. Journal of IKEEE, 18(1), 152–158. doi: 10.7471/ikeee.2014.18.1.152
5. Mikkonen,S., Kiiski,U., Saikkonen, P., Sorvan, J. (2012). Diesel Vehicle Cold Operability Design of Fuel System Essential Besides Fuel Properties. SAEInt J. Fuels Lubr, 5(3), 977–989. doi: 10 4271/2012-01-1592
6. Samsudin,A., Galuh,N. B. (2019). Investigation of the effects of preheating temperature of biodiesel-diesel fuel blends on spray characteristics and injection pump performances. Renewable Energy, 140, 274–280. doi: 10.1016/j.renene.2019.03.062
7. Sirajudin,M., Husaini,A., Widagdo, T., Mataram, A. (2019). The Effect Of Magnetic Field And Heater In Biodiesel Fuel Line Toward Torque, Power, and Fueld Consumption Of One Cylinder Four Stroke Diesel Engine At Maximum Load. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1198, 1–6. doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/1198/4/042002
8. Bisri,H., Wijayanto,D. S., Ranto. (2017). Effect of Biodiesel and Radiator Tube Heater on Fuel Consumption of Compression Ignition Engine. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 288, 1–9. doi: 10.1088/1757-899X/288/1/012071
9. Sandu,V. (2016). Diesel Fuel Heater Using Engine Coolant for Cold Weather Operation. Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Braşov. Series I, 9(58), 1–8. http://webbut2.unitbv.ro/BU2016/Series%20I/BULETIN%20I/Sandu_V.pdf
10. Bo-Hee,L., Byong-Min,S., Xiang, Z., Dal-Hwan, Y. (2014). Data Monitoring System for Activation Analysis Based on Fuel Heater of Diesel Cars. Journal of IKEEE, 18(2), 179–184. doi: 10.7471/ikeee.2014.18.2.179
11. Diesel internal combustion engine fuel heater: patent 79561, IPC (2013.01) F02N 19/00. № u201212467, application 31.10.2012; published 04/25/2013, Bull. № 8. 4 p.