Analysis of operational actions of emergency rescue formations using the method of network planning

 

Ihor Neklonskyi

National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5561-4945

  

Serhii Ragimov

National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8639-3348

 

Maruna Novozhylova

M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9977-7375

 

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52363/2524-0226-2021-34-13

 

Keywords: tactical capabilities, operational actions, network graph, critical path

 

Аnnotation

A network model of operational actions of emergency rescue teams in the elimination of the consequences of emergency situations in a graphical and mathematical representation has been developed. The use of the model makes it possible to plan or analyze the process of organizing operational actions of civil protection units, to manage the course of its implementation. This is relevant for the planned period of emergency response. The task of forming performers of individual works in the elimination of the consequences of emergency situations has been formulated. The essence of the task is reduced to the ability to choose from a variety of civil protection units the necessary performers and assign them to work. Moreover, upon the appointment, the entire complex of works was completed within a given deadline and with minimal costs. Formalization of the corresponding problem made it possible to bring it to the classical assignment problem, which is solved by Kuhn's method. The use of a dynamic programming algorithm made it possible to obtain an initial approximation of the solution of the problem at which the cost of performing a complex of emergency rescue operations will be minimal. To optimize the network graph of operational actions by reducing the length of the critical path, a dynamic programming method is proposed. The research results are synthesized into an algorithm. The implementation of the algorithm is to consistently clarify the assignments of performers to work. This makes it possible to determine the minimum costs for the implementation of the rescue plan within a given time frame (if such a solution exists), as well as to estimate the minimum time for carrying out emergency rescue operations for a given set of possible performers.

 

References

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Development of an approach to the location of fire hydrant-kits in the building plan

 

 Olena Petukhova

National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4832-1255

 

Stella Gornostal

National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0789-7669

 

Sergey Shcherbak

National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1133-0120

 

Hanna Levenko

National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5944-9529

 

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52363/2524-0226-2021-34-12

 

Keywords: internal fire-fighting water supply, fire hydrant-kit, water consumption, fire protection

 

Аnnotation

 

The paper proposes and substantiates the approach to the location of fire hydrant kits in the plan of the building, which is one of the main areas of implementation of the required level of its fire protection system. It is determined that the location of fire hydrant kits is a must to ensure irrigation of each point of the room with the required number of jets, which affects the success of the use of internal fire water for firefighting. The parameters influencing the location and number of fire hydrant sets in the building are investigated. It is shown that when using fire hoses of maximum length, the radius of the fire hydrant set increases and their required number decreases accordingly. The diameter of the fire hose affects the water consumption obtained from the crane set and must be at least standard. It is shown that when choosing the number of fire hydrant sets, in addition to the characteristics of their equipment, it is necessary to take into account the design features of the room and the standard number of jets, which significantly affects the economic component. The principles of placement of the main and additional fire hydrant sets for different number of jets at each point of the room are investigated. Based on the analysis of parameters that affect the number of fire hydrant kits in the plan of the building, an approach to the placement of PAC on the principle of their reasonable sufficiency. The efficiency of the proposed approach to the placement of fire hydrant kits is established. Evaluation of the effectiveness of the proposed approach to the placement of fire hydrant kits showed that the rationale for the decision on the number of main and additional fire hydrant kits in the building allows to meet regulatory requirements for irrigation of each point of the room with the required number of jets. protection.

References

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Study of fire flow statistics occurring in cities

 

Roman Kovalenko

National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2083-7601

 

Sergii Nazarenko

National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0891-0335

 

Volodymyr Demianyshyn

National Academy of National Guard of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1734-4021

 

Oleksandr Kolienov

National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3736-9165

 

Valeriya Semkiv

National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1584-4754

 

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52363/2524-0226-2021-34-10

 

Keywords: call flow, fire, rescue formation, statistics, Poisson distribution law

 

Аnnotation

 

The flow of calls related to fires occurring on the territory of cities has been investigated. To do this, using the methods of cluster analysis, the cities were divided into groups according to the criteria of population size and area. As a result, the cities were grouped into six groups. Only Kiev was included in a separate group. Further, five cities were selected from each of the groups and statistics on the number of fires for the period of 2020 were processed. Based on the data obtained, a statistical hypothesis was tested that the flow of fires occurring in cities can be described by the Poisson distribution law. The Romanovsky criterion was chosen as the consistency criterion. In total, out of 26 cities under study in 7 cities, the call flow can be described by the Poisson distribution law. The indicator of the call flow associated with fires for these cities ranged from 69 to 342. The only city in this range for which the previously mentioned hypothesis was not confirmed was the city of Kherson. For cities where the annual fire rate was less than 69 or more than 342, the statistical hypothesis of Poisson call traffic was not confirmed. Variance was also calculated based on the data reflecting the daily number of calls in cities during the year. It was found that for cities for which the Poisson distribution of the call flow was confirmed, this indicator ranges from 0.21 to 1.72. Accordingly, the flow of fires that occurs in cities cannot always be described by the Poisson distribution law, and therefore, before using the mathematical models built on its basis for research, it is necessary to first test this hypothesis. Failure to fulfill the above condition may further negatively affect the adequacy of the results obtained.

 

References

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Simulation of the working area of a local rtls system of the emergency area

 

Alexander Zakora

National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9042-6838

  

Andrey Feshchenko

National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4869-6428

 

Larisa Borysova

National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6554-1949

 

Vladyslav Mykhailyk

National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9544-7937

 

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52363/2524-0226-2021-34-11

 

Keywords: RTLS, local location, positioning accuracy, radio propagation

 

Аnnotation

A mathematical model of a differential-rangefinder local positioning system has been developed, which in real time makes it possible to predict the working area of the system, taking into account the construction barriers of the emergency zone. The conditions of propagation of high-frequency signals, which determine the quality of positioning and the accuracy characteristics of the system, are taken into account. To simplify the simulation, a number of assumptions were made regarding the parameters of the obstacles and the conditions of radio wave propagation, which make it possible to simplify the prediction process. On the basis of the geometric criterion and the criterion of maximum removal, a modified geometry coefficient (zone coefficient) was obtained, which is proposed to be used as the basis for a mathematical forecasting model. Using this criterion, a computational algorithm and a program for operational forecasting of the working area of local positioning have been developed, which make it possible to take into account the influence of the number of beacons, the geometry of the system and the location of building barriers to the propagation of radio signals on the shape of the working area. In the process of modeling, both geometric and general physical laws of the formation of the field of radio navigation support were taken into account. A study of the operation of the modeling system was carried out in the presence of several radio beacons, in the absence and in the presence of several construction barriers within the emergency zone. The developed mathematical model makes it possible to calculate the size of the positioning zones with the determination of the boundary conditions for the reliabil- ity and accuracy of the navigation support of rescuers. Taking into account the process of predicting the impact of obstacles in the emergency zone on the type and size of the working area of the positioning system allows the head of emergency response to make the right management decision, ensure safe working conditions for rescuers and optimize emergency response.

References

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The geoinformation control system of fire departments

 

Maksym Kustov

National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6960-6399

 

 

Oleg Fedoryaka

National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6381-5985

 

Alexandr Soshunsky

National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7921-1294

 

Alexander Savchenko

National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1305-7415

 

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52363/2524-0226-2021-34-9

 

Keywords: geoinformation system, technological scheme, GIS platform, interactive layers, local territory, service area, location of divisions

 

Аnnotation

The architecture of the fire information management geographic information system has been developed using standard extensions for SQL servers and includes at least 7 layers, some of which have interactive connections with additional databases. The developed architecture allows to solve a complex of questions of management of fire divisions, both at a stage of designing of building of local territory and during management of process of fire extinguishing in this territory. Integrating data with the distribution of fire risk in the local area and the location of fire and rescue units in an interactive form will optimize the location of fire and rescue units at the construction stage, as well as determine the relevance of existing buildings to fire risk levels. Integration into the geographic information system of the database with the description of potentially dangerous objects and objects of increased danger allows the fire chief to promptly obtain information about the object, to determine in advance the existing dangers, methods of extinguishing, location of forces and means and to establish operational communication with representatives of the object for successful firefighting. Interactive information on the availability of rescue equipment in the relevant units and the state of the transport network on the way to the fire allows the fire chief and the operational dispatch service to quickly determine what type and number of equipment and personnel can be used to eliminate a fire, determine the arrival time to the place of the call, as well as quickly redirect reserves if necessary. The combined use of the developed architecture of the geographic information system with a satellite traffic control system allows to control the movement of rescue units and redistribute forces and resources within the local area.

 

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