The editorial policy regarding the prevention of manipulation is aimed at preventing the publication of falsified data, plagiarism, theft (attribution) of other people's names for authors' collectives, as well as preventing situations that may lead to biased expert assessment at the stage of reviewing manuscripts.

Based on these principles, each of the journals of the publishing house, within the framework of its regulations:

• accepts for consideration only those manuscripts that are accompanied by a License Agreement signed by the authors, in which the corresponding author is recorded (see Authorship: guarantees and liability);
• checks the availability of the relevant competencies among potential reviewers and confirms that they have no conflicts of interest;
• verifies the accuracy of data about a potential reviewer based on available identifiers (ORCID, profiles in indexing resources) and data on institutions with which the potential reviewer is affiliated, and, if necessary, a request is made to the appropriate institution;
• monitors the reviewing process for the reviewers' compliance with the regulations and identifying possible factors for the manifestation of atypical actions on the part of reviewers, which may have signs of manipulation during the reviewing process. The editors are guided by the COPE recommendations «How to spot potential manipulation of the peer review process».

In the event that a situation arises when atypical actions are noticed in the behavior of one of the reviewers or both reviewers *, the editorial board may attract other reviewers, including those recommended by the authors when submitting the manuscript as potential. In this case, the editorial board checks the possibility of attracting these reviewers (the reliability of their data, competence, affiliation with the institution, re-confirmation by the corresponding author, etc.) and, in case of successful verification, contacts the reviewers. The editors are guided by the COPE recommendations «What to do if you suspect peer review manipulation».

* all articles submitted for consideration for publication go through the stage of double-blind peer review. In some cases, the editor may also contact the reviewer(s) identified by the authors as potential for additional peer review.

Editorial рolitics of the scientific journal is the coverage of the results of unique studies of authors from different countries of the world on a wide range of fundamental, applied and non-pectoral aspects of modern science.

The editorial board supports the Open Access Initiative BOAI (Budapest Open Access Initiative) aimed at the free and free dissemination of scientific knowledge, which promotes the accelerated development of science.

The editorial board actively engages leading international scholars in the process of reviewing articles.

The editorial board actively promotes the scientific journal to international electronic libraries, catalogs and science-based databases for the purpose of in-depth integration into the world scientific information space, raising the rating of both the edition itself and the scientific metrics of its authors.

Open Access Policy

"Problems of Emergency Situations" is a professional edition of open access. All articles are free to view, read, download, and print.

Articles published in the publication are provided to readers under the terms of the free license CC BY-ND – Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported (unless the article explicitly states a more permissible CC BY-SA). Under the terms of the license, the authors remain the owners of the exclusive rights to their articles. The CC BY-ND license allows the distribution, commercial and non-commercial use of articles published in the publication, provided that they are transmitted unchanged and retain their integrity, as well as the authorship and reference to the publication in the publication "Emergency Problems". Illustrations (figures, tables and appendices, including electronic ones) are separate objects of copyright, the distribution of which is also regulated by the CC BY-ND license. This means that the illustrations were first published in the "Problems of Emergencies" publication.

At the request of the author, the article can be published under the terms of a more permitted license CC BY-SA – Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported. In addition to the above rights, works published under the terms of the CC BY-SA license may be used as a basis for the creation of other works. All new works created on the materials published in the publication "Problems of Emergencies" under the terms of the CC BY-SA license must be distributed under the same license with the obligatory indication of the authorship of the original article and its bibliographic data. We encourage authors to use the CC BY-SA license for articles as a basis for creating other works.

The decision to publish articles is made by the editorial board of the publication based on the results of independent review. The content of the magazine is protected by copyright. In any use of the materials published in the publication, a reference to the publication in the publication "Problems of Emergencies" must be provided.

Authors of articles have the right to store all versions of their articles in the electronic repository of the National University of Civil Defense of Ukraine. The accepted version of the article is posted on the publication's website.

Policy of identification and consideration of information or complaints about violation of the requirements of the Procedure for the formation of the List of scientific professional publications of Ukraine, as well as elimination of such violations

The editorial office of the publication periodically conducts independent monitoring of the publication for compliance with the requirements of the Procedure for the formation of the List of scientific professional publications of Ukraine (hereinafter referred to as the Procedure) in order to identify inconsistencies or shortcomings, as well as their further elimination

A report on a violation of the requirements of the Procedure is considered in the case when it is submitted to the official e-mail indicated on the website of the publication, indicating a specific violation and its argumentation.

Based on a reasoned report of a violation, the editorial office conducts an investigation to clarify all the circumstances of the violation or lack thereof

If in the course of the investigation the fact of violation is revealed, measures are taken to eliminate it

Measures to eliminate violations are carried out in accordance with the identified violations. If the violation is due to the lack of necessary information about the publication, the violation is eliminated by adding it. If the violation concerns one of the publications of the publication, then the violation is eliminated in accordance with the Publication Ethics of the publication

The editorial board considers retraction of a publication as a mechanism for preventing the negative consequences of publishing an article containing accidental or deliberate errors, falsification of data, biased reflection of authorship, and the presence of a conflict of interest identified after publication. The protocol for the implementation of procedures related to the retraction of publications includes the following possible actions:

• assessment of the possibility of making corrections to the content of the published article without direct retraction,
• initiation of an investigation into the fact, the manifestation of which could potentially lead to a retraction procedure, for validity and possibility retraction of a publication,
• deletion of an article from electronic resources of the journal and indexing resources,
• generation of a notice of retraction of a publication.

Evaluating the possibility of making corrections to the content of a published article without direct retraction. It is carried out in cases where a precedent arises in the format of a revealed fact or an external signal about a conflict of interests of authors, a bias in the list of authors, or an identified minor error in a published article that does not entail negative consequences in the context of the overall significance, applicability and effectiveness of the published results.

Initiating an investigation into a fact, the manifestation of which could potentially lead to a retraction procedure, regarding the validity and possibility of publication retraction. It is carried out in any of the following cases when the editorial board receives evidence that there is plagiarism in the published articles, there is a conflict of interest, falsification of data or manipulation, violation of publication ethics, if the published results are erroneous and their use may entail negative consequences varying degrees of severity.

Removing an article from electronic resources of the journal and indexing resources. It is carried out in the event that the result of an investigation for the validity and possibility of retraction of the publication is the following:

• the application of the results of the article can cause negative consequences of varying severity,
• the published article violates the legal rights of other persons,
• the published article is defamatory in its essence,
• the published article the article, its individual parts, the consequences of using the results set forth in the article may become the object of legal proceedings
• the article contains information that may inadmissibly disclose personal data, without the personal consent of the relevant person, expressed by the adopted documents, protocols, etc. ., including identifying a specific person based on published photographs.

Formation of a notice about the retraction of the publication. The notification is generated for indexing resources and contains all the necessary information to identify the article, in particular: the title of the article and its authors or a link to the revoked article. In addition, the notification contains information about the reason for the retraction and the initiator of the retraction, possibly also the evidence base regarding the reason for the retraction. The notice may include a request to post the relevant information about the retraction as soon as possible and necessarily in the public domain. It is also possible to comment on whether the publication is a rebuttal. The notice will not become available until there is conclusive evidence as to the validity of the retraction. All reviews are pre-agreed with the institutions with which the authors of the article being investigated are affiliated, in accordance with the COPE guidelines for collaboration between research institutions and journals on research integrity cases.

The editorial board of the journal in its activities uses the fundamental principles of observing academic integrity and all ethical standards in relation to all participants in the publishing process. Therefore, each complaint submitted to the editorial office is subject to consideration and analysis, the consequence of which is a response to the complaint, including if it is submitted anonymously. The editors pay special attention to the existence of an evidence base in relation to the essence of the complaint. Therefore, if the complaint has signs of defamation or a form of manifestation of a conflict of interest, the editorial office requires the provision of serious arguments that can form an evidentiary basis regarding the legality of the substantive part of the complaint, completely refuting suspicions of defamation or the presence of a conflict of interest. Otherwise, the fact of the complaint is recorded, but proceedings on it are not carried out until such arguments are received.

Any statements made on social media, comments, etc. will be considered by the editors if they are not defamatory and have a direct appeal to the editors of the journal. The editorial board of the journal periodically monitors such discussions, but this does not guarantee the identification of absolutely all comments, posts, etc. Such statements will not be considered official. However, if reasoned and / or scientifically grounded statements are identified, they can be considered even without an official appeal to the editor.

When choosing a response form, the editorial board follows the COPE recommendations. If a complaint is made in relation to published articles, and its legitimacy in the substantive part is proven, the editorial office applies the article recall policy.

When submitting a manuscript, authors must disclose any conflicts of interest, in particular competing non-financial or financial interests, regarding the submitted manuscript. In terms of financial conflicts of interest, both in relation to corporate and personal finance: authors should indicate the specific role of the sponsor in the research, preparation of the manuscript and its presentation, as well as organizations or individuals that may have any financial consequences after the publication of the article. The monetary value of their financial interests is not disclosed by the authors.

In terms of non-financial conflicts of interest: we recommend that authors indicate any relationships and participants that are not related to finance, but which may affect the process of considering the publication of the manuscript.

The absence of conflicts of interest or their presence is stated in the Cover Letter, which is a mandatory document attached to the manuscript, without which the manuscript is not considered.

If authors are bound by confidentiality agreements, instead of disclosing information in detail, they must declare that they are bound by confidentiality agreements that prevent them from disclosing their competing interests in the work.

 If the reviewer has a conflict of interest in relation to a potentially peer-reviewed manuscript, he must inform the editor about it. In this case, the manuscript is submitted for review to another expert.

The regulations of the editorial staff in case a conflict of interest is identified at the stage of peer review of a manuscript or after publication implies following the COPE recommendations «What to do if a reviewer suspects undisclosed conflict of interest in a submitted manuscript»  and «What to do if a reader suspects undisclosed conflict of interest in a published article». In particular: the editorial office contacts the corresponding author to clarify the existence of an unspecified conflict of interest, an internal investigation is carried out based on the justifications of the author(s) and the reviewer or an outsider who has declared the existence of a conflict of interest, information about the conflict of interest is declared if it is confirmed as a result of the investigation or the appropriate corrections are made according to the article's retraction policy.