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Increasing the readiness for operational work of the operational control chain

 

Sobyna Vitaliy

National University of Civil Protection of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6908-8037

 

Plisko Yuliia

National University of Civil Protection of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9526-1119

 

Chernysh Roman

National University of Civil Protection of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6245-0707

 

Shcherbak Serhii

National University of Civil Protection of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1133-0120

 

Feshchenko Andrey

National University of Civil Protection of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4869-6428

 

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52363/2524-0226-2025-42-21

 

Keywords: operational control chain, instant readiness for operational work, emergency situation

 

Аnnotation

 

An analysis of the literature data was applied, on the basis of which the research problem of developing a method for predicting the readiness for operational operation of the operational control chain was formulated, taking into account the influence of the structure of simultaneous redundancy of nodes and telecommunications channels, depending on the intensity of failures and restoration obtained from the operation results. Based on the unification and understanding of the connections of individual nodes and telecommunications channels of the operational control chain into a holistic system, an appropriate probabilistic model was synthesized, which takes into account the redundancy of nodes and telecommunications channels and the normalized intensities of failures and restoration of the equipment of nodes and telecommunications channels. The abstraction method was used to highlight a significant sign of readiness for operational operation, and reliability flowcharts and analytical expressions were developed for the probabilistic assessment of the readiness for operational operation of the operational control chain for various structures with separate redundancy of nodes and telecommunications chan-nels. By applying the method of mathematical modeling, the readiness for operational operation of the operational control chain was predicted. Based on the method of comparing the results of mathematical modeling for various redundancy structures, a stable, regular influence of the failure and recovery flow parameters on the readiness for operational work has been revealed. It has been established that to achieve the required level of readiness for operational work of the operational dispatch control chain, it is advisable to optimize the failure and recovery intensities and the multiplicity of redundancy of nodes and telecommunications channels, while the required readiness indicator is achieved by using double and triple separate redundancy of nodes and tele-communications channels of the operational dispatch control chain.

 

References

 

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Modeling the risks of cascade accidents in rail transport under war conditions

 

Kurilo Аrtem

National University of Civil Protection of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5139-0278

 

Kustov Maksim

National University of Civil Protection of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6960-6399

 

Zimin Sergej

National University of Civil Protection of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0514-2238

 

Hubenko Andrey

National University of Civil Protection of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0009-0007-3647-3909

 

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52363/2524-0226-2025-42-9

 

Keywords: railway transport, critical infrastructure, cascade accidents, wartime risks

 

Аnnotation

 

The study aims to improve the resilience of rail transport during the transportation of hazardous chemicals in conditions of martial law. The work provides a comprehensive analysis of current risks to rail infrastructure, compares threats in peacetime and wartime, and identifies key accident scenarios. A library of cascading accident scenarios has been developed, and modified models for assessing risks and the spread of toxic emissions have been proposed, taking into account specific factors of wartime. To improve the accuracy of forecasting, the use of CFD modeling is proposed. The need for this work lies in the fact that classical risk models, effective in peacetime, do not take into account the new nature of threats – targeted attacks, shelling, and sabotage. Rail transport, being critical infrastructure, has become a target for the enemy, and an accident involving hazardous chemicals can lead to catastrophic consequences: large-scale fires, explosions, toxic emissions, and cascading accidents. It has been established that the effectiveness of countermeasures is determined by the speed of hazard detection and readiness for coordinated action in combat conditions. Classic risk assessment models no longer fully reflect the new reality, where deliberate hostile actions are the main factor in accidents. The results obtained and the models developed form the basis for the transition from reactive to proactive risk management. They make it possible to develop adaptive response plans and action algorithms for rescue services, implement preventive routing of dangerous goods and reinforce critical nodes, as well as create an integrated risk management system. This is aimed at minimizing human casualties, environmental damage, and the strategic consequences of infrastructure damage, ensuring the resilience of the country’s transport system in a state of martial law.

 

References

 

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Impact of smoke screens on the fire safety level of shelters

 

Shakhov Stanislav

National University of Civil Protection of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9161-1696

 

Melnychenko Andrii

National University of Civil Protection of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7229-6926

 

Saveliev Dmytro

National University of Civil Protection of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4310-0437

 

Dement Maksym

National University of Civil Protection of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4975-384X

 

Artem Huz

National University of Civil Protection of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8869-2423

 

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52363/2524-0226-2025-42-20

 

Keywords: smoke screens, shelters, fire safety, fire modeling, Fire Dynamics Simulator

 

Аnnotation

 

The object of the study is the impact of smoke screens on the fire safety level of shelters. The main hypothesis is that the presence of smoke screens along evacuation routes increases the time before evacuation paths are blocked by hazardous fire factors, thereby enhancing the fire safety level of shelters. The problem addressed was to obtain scientifically substantiated data on the impact of smoke screens on the fire safety of shelters. The results provided data on the dynamics of hazardous fire factors with and without smoke screens. Comparative analysis showed that with smoke screens, the time to reach critical visibility loss at sensor №1 was 33 % slower. Thus, the smoke screen kept the evacuation exit viable for an additional 31 seconds, which is a significant margin for evacuation. Additionally, over 300 seconds, the smoke screen prevented exceeding the permissible limits for factors such as temperature and partial oxygen density. At sensor № 2, the time to reach critical visibility loss was 5 % slower with smoke screens, which is not a significant margin for evacuation. At sensor №3, located near the fire outbreak room, the time to reach critical visibility loss was identical with and without smoke screens, amounting to 37 seconds. Thus, the analysis of the modeling results confirms the appropriateness of smoke screens in enhancing the fire safety level of shelters. Smoke screens extend the time during which evacuation routes remain viable for evacuation. These findings can be used as compensatory measures in cases where evacuation routes in shelters (lacking forced smoke extraction systems) become blocked by hazardous fire factors faster than the duration of evacuation. However, the obtained results require validation through a full-scale experiment using a model evacuation route (corridor) for final confirmation.

 

References

 

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  4. Maiboroda, R., Otrosh, Yu., Rashkevich, N., Melezhyk, R. (2023). Assessment of the fire resistance of buildings from fireproof reinforced concrete building structures. Municipal Economy of Cities, 4(178), 219–231. doi: 10.33042/2522-1809-2023-4-178-219-231
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