Method of reducing the time of operational deployment by the first emergency rescue department

Dmitry Belyuchenko

National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7782-2019

Denys Lovin

National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1066-0286

Alexandr Soshinskiy

National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7921-1294

Viktor Strelets

National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5992-1195

Igor Khmyrov

National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7958-463X

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52363/2524-0226-2022-35-19

Keywords: operational deployment, fire and rescue vehicles, modeling, ranking

Аnnotation

The application of experimental research planning methods showed that the obtained multifactor models of operation of the system "rescuer – rescue equipment – emergency" should be the basis of appropriate methods to reduce the time of operational deployment of fire and rescue vehicles by the first rescue unit during emergencies. The basis of this methodology is the development and verification of operational and technical recommendations in accordance with the maximum differences in one-factor models obtained in the center and at the edges of factor space for three-factor polynomial models in normalized variables. deployments of fire and rescue vehicles by the first operational and rescue unit, provides for the sequential implementation of four procedures, namely: their simulation (in that case physical modeling) in accordance with the 3x3x3 plan, taking into account the factors that characterize the person (personnel of the rescue unit), equipment (fire and rescue vehicles and their equipment, rescue equipment, etc.) and environment (operational conditions rescuers' activities); expert substantiation of recommendations for implementation; selection of operational and technical recommendations for implementation in regulatory documents based on the results of statistical assessments of how effective their implementation is. At the same time, it should be borne in mind that to apply the chosen approach it is necessary to obtain a large amount of source data. In addition, a significant limitation of the developed approach is the need to involve highly qualified experts at all stages of the methodology.

References

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Model of the process of disposal of 100 mm artilery shots UBK10 9М117

Igor Neklonskyi

National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5561-4945

Oleg Smirnov

National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1237-8700

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52363/2524-0226-2022-35-17

Keywords: utilization, artillery shots, formalization, multi-channel system, intensity of flow of events

Аnnotation

The technology of discharging shots by the method of their disassembly into elements has been developed, which allows to rationally remove all necessary materials. Disposal technology is a process of parallel (simultaneous) execution of individual operations. The formalization of the disposal process into a multi-channel queuing system with a limited queue has been carried out. This allowed the use of operations research methods to conduct a mathematical description of the relevant queuing system and determine indicators of its effectiveness: the probability of failure and queuing; relative system bandwidth; absolute bandwidth of the system; average number of occupied channels; the average number of applications (products) in the queue; average waiting time in the queue; the average number of applications (products) in the system; the average residence time of applications (products) in the system. The research is conditioned by the need to substantiate effective organizational decisions on improving the technological policy of ammunition disposal. The research results make it possible to establish the list and sequence of operations, the time norms for disassembly of the overall product, the list and amount of materials that are removed from the elements of ammunition. Allow to connect the set conditions of the technological process, formalized in a multi-channel queuing system, with the characteristics that show the effectiveness of the organization of work. The use of the proposed mathematical apparatus is relevant to describe the technology of disposal of other missiles and ammunition, provided that the disposal process is parallel, and it can be represented as a multi-channel queuing system with a limited queue. The results of the study can be implemented during the development of an effective mechanism for the disposal of missiles and ammunition, as well as during the examination, hazard identification and increase the level of safety of relevant processes.

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Modeling the thermal effect of fire to the tank in the presence of wind

Oleksii Basmanov

National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6434-6575

Maksym Maksymenko

National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1888-4815

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52363/2524-0226-2022-35-18

Keywords: emergency, tank fire, fire heat impact, radiant heat transfer, convective heat transfer

Аnnotation

Forecasting the consequences of emergencies caused by the fire in a vertical steel tank with oil in the presence of wind is considered. A model of heating the shell of a tank with oil under the thermal influence of a fire in an adjacent tank is built. The model takes into account radiant heat transfer, convective heat transfer (to ambient air in forced mode and to steam-air mixture in gas space in free mode). The model is a differential equation that describes the process of heat transfer inside the tank shell, with boundary conditions on the outer and inner shell surfaces. The inclination of the flame by the wind to adjacent tank leads to increasing the coefficient of mutual irradiation between the flame and the upper edge of the tank shell. In this case, the mutual irradiation coefficient increases monotonically while wind speed is increasing. It is shown that for vertical steel tanks with a capacity of up to 20,000 m³, the irradiation coefficient depends only on the type of flammable liquid (in dimensionless coordinates). By using the methods of similarity theory, the estimation of the convective heat transfer coefficient of forced convection on the outer surface of the tank shell is obtained. Applying the finite difference method for solving the heat balance equation allows obtaining the temperature distribution on the tank shell at arbitrary time. It allows determining the area on the shell surface that needs to be cooled. The presence of wind in the direction of the heated tank significantly increases the risk of spreading the fire. In particular, in the case of a fire in an oil tank and wind speed of 5 m/s, the shell temperature of the adjacent tank reaches 250 ºC after 5 minutes.

References

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2. Ni, Z., Wang, Y. (2016). Relative risk model for assessing domino effect in chemical process industry. Safety Science, 87, 156–166. doi: 10.1016/j.ssci.2016.03.026
3. Otrosh, Yu., Semkiv, O., Rybka, E., Kovalov, A. (2019). About need of calculations for the steel framework building in temperature influences conditions. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 708(1). doi: 10.1088/1757-899X/708/1/012065
4. Kustov, M. V., Kalugin, V. D., Tutunik, V. V., Tarakhno, E. V. (2019). Physicochemical principles of the technology of modified pyrotechnic compositions to reduce the chemical pollution of the atmosphere. Chemistry and Chemical Technology Issues, 1, 92–99. doi: 10.32434/0321-4095-2019-122-1-92-99
5. Mygalenko, K., Nuyanzin, V., Zemlianskyi, A., Dominik, A., Pozdieiev, S. (2018). Development of the technique for restricting the propagation of fire in natural peat ecosystems. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 1(10), 31–37. doi: 10.15587/1729-4061.2018.121727
6. Popov, O., Iatsyshyn, A., Kovach, V., Artemchuk, V., Kameneva, I., Taraduda, D., Sobyna, V., Sokolov, D., Dement, M., Yatsyshyn, T. (2020). Risk assessment for the population of Kyiv, Ukraine as a result of atmospheric air pollution. Journal of Health and Population, 10(25). doi: 10.5696/2156-9614-10.25.200303
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10. Semerak, M., Pozdeev, S., Yakovchuk, R., Nekora, O., Sviatkevich, O. (2018). Mathematical modeling of thermal fire effect on tanks with oil products. MATEC Web of Conferences, 247(00040). doi: 10.1051/matecconf/201824700040
11. Espinosa, S. N., Jaca, R. C., Godoy, L. A. (2019). Thermal effects of fire on a nearby fuel storage tank. Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, 62(103990). doi:10.1016/j.jlp.2019.103990
12. Li, Y., Jiang, J., Zhang, Q., Yu, Y., Wang, Z., Liu, H., Shu, C.-M. (2019). Static and dynamic flame model effects on thermal buckling: Fixed-roof tanks adjacent to an ethanol pool-fire. Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 127, 23–35. doi: 10.1016/j.psep.2019.05.001
13. Ahmadi, O., Mortazavi, S. B., Pasdarshahri, H., Mohabadi, H. A. (2019). Consequence analysis of large-scale pool fire in oil storage terminal based on computational fluid dynamic (CFD). Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 123, 379–389. doi: 10.1016/j.psep.2019.01.006
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16. Basmanov, O., Maksymenko, M., Oliinik, V. (2021). Modeling the thermal effect of a fire in an oil tank to the next tank. Problems of Emergency Situiations, 2(34), 4–20. doi: 10.52363/2524-0226-2021-34-1
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18. Salamov, J., Abramov, Y., Basmanov, O. (2020). Estimating the convective heat transfer coefficient of the tank shell and the vapor-air mixture in the gas space of the tank. Problems of fire safety, 47, 99–104. Available online: http://repositsc.nuczu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/11117

Integrated assessment of the environmental state of the Dnipro reservoir

Vitalii Bezsonnyi

Simon Kuznets Kharkiv National University of Economics

http://orcid.org/ 0000-0001-8089-7724

Roman Ponomarenko

National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6300-3108

Oleg Tretyakov

Національний авіаційний університет

http://orcid.org/ 0000-0002-0457-9553

Yevhen Ivanov

National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/ 0000-0001-6781-9238

Pavlo Borodych

National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/ 0000-0001-9933-8498

Tetyana Lutsenko

National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7373-4548

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52363/2524-0226-2022-35-16

Keywords: ecological safety of surface waters, integrated water quality indicator, complex water quality index

Аnnotation

The choice of a priority indicator of surface water quality for an integral assessment of the ecological state of the Dnieper reservoir is substantiated. The procedure for obtaining a combinatorial index of water pollution was used, the long-term dynamics of the main pollutants of the Dnieper reservoir was analyzed. The calculation of the value of the combinatorial index of water pollution and the relative assessment of the ecological state of surface waters were carried out in two stages: first, for each individual test substance and an indicator of the ecological state of surface waters, then the whole complex of pollutants was considered simultaneously and the resulting assessment was derived. This is done to minimize costs and efforts when monitoring surface waters under normal (non-emergency) conditions. As a result of research, it was established that the quality of water downstream has higher values of the combinatorial index of water pollution, due to the significant anthropogenic impact on the water body. A correlation between the complex index of water pollution and the indicator of biochemical oxygen consumption has been established. The priority indicator for the integral assessment of the ecological state of the water body – BSC₅ due to the close relationship with the value of the complex index of water pollution is determined. The correlation coefficient between these values ranges from 0,92 to 0,96. The relationship that exists between the value of the combinatorial index of water pollution and the value of biochemical oxygen consumption makes the indicator of biochemical oxygen consumption important for the integral assessment of water pollution by various organic substances. Therefore, as a priority indicator for characterizing the state of the watercourse and conducting operational monitoring, the indicators of oxygen characteristics are selected. This data is useful and important because it will allow for more optimal use of limited resources when monitoring surface waters and improve river basin management.

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