Risk-based approach to the implementation of the technology of the disposal of anti-tank reactive projectile

Neklonskyi Ihor

National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5561-4945

Smіrnov Oleg

National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1237-8700

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52363/2524-0226-2024-39-5

Keywords: ammunition, disposal, technology, management model, risk, fuzzy set, matrix

Аnnotation

To ensure a high level of man-made and environmental safety during the disposal of ammunition, a set and sequence of operations for discharging anti-tank guided missiles is proposed. At the same time, rational extraction of all necessary components is ensured for further use in new quality. In order to increase the efficiency of the technological risk management process during the implementation of the relevant technology, a method of processing expert-linguistic information during the quantitative assessment of the decisions made regarding risk minimization is proposed. The method is based on the application of fuzzy set theory methods. The implementation of this method involves the description of the subsets of the term set by a system of five corresponding functions belonging to the trapezoidal form with respect to the nodal points, followed by solving the problem by means of fuzzy set theory. A statistical method is used to process expert information. This makes it possible to investigate the impact of failures in each component (technological operation) on the state of the system. For comprehensive assessment, the ranking method is used, which is based on the idea of distributing the degree of belonging of the elements of the universal set according to their ranks. The Fishburne method was used to determine the priority coefficients of partial factors. The value of the generalized additive risk indicator was obtained, which will characterize the disposal process in the so-called ideal environment. It is assumed that the risk of an accident in a real environment will be assessed by the degree of deviation from the ideal environment. This approach is considered within the framework of the risk management model, which involves the application of the Markov analysis method based on the concept of "states" ("readiness", "failure"). This makes it possible to process the results using formal logic methods during expert risk assessment. The work is a continuation of the cycle of research aimed at the development and implementation of new highly effective technologies for the disposal of ammunition.

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Fire-extinguishing characteristics of light bulk materials for class "B" fires

Makarenko Viktoriya

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5629-1159

Kireev Oleksandr

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8819-3999

Chyrkina-Kharlamova Maryna

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2060-9142

Slepuzhnikov Yevhen

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5449-3512

Kovalov Alexander

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4974-5201

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52363/2524-0226-2024-39-3

Keywords: flammable liquids, gasoline, fire extinguishing properties, expanded perlite, foam glass, sprayed water

Аnnotation

On the basis of earlier studies, crushed foam glass with a granule size of 1–1.5 cm was chosen as a light loose material that ensures the buoyancy of the entire system. As a loose material that increases the insulating properties of the fire extinguishing system, expanded perlite with a granule size of 1 was used 1–1.4 mm. A pneumatic ejection device was developed and manufactured for feeding granular expanded perlite. A study was also conducted on extinguishing a standard model fire "8B" with additional application of sprayed water to the surface of the binary layer of foam glass + perlite. It has been established that supplying water allows to reduce the consumption of swollen perlite by two times. It is shown that wetting a layer of perlite with water significantly increases the insulating properties of such a layer and provides a high cooling capacity of the entire fire extinguishing system based on light loose materials. On the basis of economic calculations, it is shown that the use of water for wetting the upper layer makes it possible to reduce the financial costs required for fire-extinguishing substances. It was established that the financial costs of fire-extinguishing substances of the system crushed foam glass + expanded perlite + sprayed water with specific surface consumption of the components 10.5 kg/m², 1.98 kg/m² and 2 kg/m² amount to 184 UAH/m². According to this parameter, this fire extinguishing system has a significant advantage compared to foam glass + gel systems and air-mechanical foams. A comparison was made with the results of extinguishing gasoline on model fires of small sizes. On the basis of the environmental assessment of the proposed fire extinguishing system, its advantages in terms of this parameter are shown in comparison with existing means of extinguishing flammable liquids. The issue of introducing the proposed fire extinguishing system into the practice of fire extinguishing of large tanks with flammable liquids was considered.

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Тhe optimal choice of forces and means for cooling the tank in case of fire in the tank group

Basmanov Oleksii

National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6434-6575

Maksymenko Maksym

National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1888-4815

Oliinik Volodymyr

National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5193-1775

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52363/2524-0226-2024-39-4

Keywords: tank fire, thermal influence of fire, fire localization, water cooling

Аnnotation

The optimal choice of forces and means for cooling tanks in a tank group in the event of a fire in one of the tanks is considered. Optimality means the choice of forces and means that will ensure such intensity of water supply for cooling the walls and roofs of non-burning tanks, at which the corresponding parts of the tanks will not heat up to critical temperature values. As a criterion of optimality, the following can be selected: minimum water consumption, minimum number of personnel or minimum number of tankers providing water supply. The proposed approach is based on the model of cooling the tank with a water film, which takes into account the radiation and convection heat exchange of the wall or roof of the tank with the combustion center, the water film, the environment and the internal space of the tank. To solve the problem of optimal selection of forces and means, the intensity of water supply is first calculated, which ensures cooling of the wall and roof of the tank to safe temperature values. Next, based on the characteristics of the fire hydrants, their number is calculated, which ensures the calculated intensity of water supply through the hydrants of this type. This, in turn, allows determining the optimal choice of forces and means according to the selected criterion. It is shown that the tank on the windward side relative to the burning tank is exposed to the greatest danger. At the same time, the heat flow to its roof during the burning of combustible liquids reaches maximum values in light wind – (1.6÷3.4) m/s, and for flammable liquids it increases monotonically with increasing wind speed in the range of (0÷10) m/s. The obtained results can be used to build a plan for the localization and elimination of a fire in a tank group with oil and oil products.

References

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Justification of standards for evaluating operational performance in armor protection means

Beliuchenko Dmytro

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7782-2019

Strelets Victor

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5992-1195

Lutsenko Tatiana

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7373-4548

Korchahin Pavlo

State Emergency Service of Ukraine in Lugansk region

http://orcid.org/0009-0004-4126-1781

Malovyk Ighor

Department for the Prevention of Emergency Situations

of the State Emergency Service of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0009-0009-2319-9730

Rebrov Oleksandr

State Emergency Service of Ukraine in Rivne region

http://orcid.org/0009-0005-6654-7863

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52363/2524-0226-2024-39-2

Keywords: standard, operational deployment, fire and rescue vehicle, armor protection

Аnnotation

A scientific and methodological apparatus has been developed to substantiate standards for assessing the level of preparedness of fire-rescuers for the rapid deployment of fire-rescue vehicles in protective equipment with armor protection equipment, and standard assessments for standard options have been determined. For this purpose, the existing statistical method for substantiating the standards was improved by determining the weighted average estimates of the probabilities of the time of operational deployment in armor protection equipment falling within the intervals between the standards. This made it possible to take into account the diversity of expert opinions on this matter, which had not previously been taken into account. It has been established that in order to substantiate the required normative estimates, it is necessary to determine the inverse function of the standard normal distribution, taking into account its parameters (mathematical expectation and standard deviation of the time of implementation of the corresponding operational deployment), and estimates of the probability of obtaining the corresponding estimates in the form of weighted average estimates of the corresponding shares (frequencies) of all. possible results that fall within the intervals between (before, after) the required normative estimates. In accordance with the developed method, standards have been substantiated for assessing the level of preparedness of fire-rescuers to supply two fire trunks with the laying of a main line d=77 mm on three hoses and two working lines d=51 mm on two hoses with the installation of a fire-rescue vehicle on a fire hydrant , as well as to assess the level of preparedness for supplying a portable fire monitor with the laying of two main lines into three hoses d=77 mm with the installation of a fire and rescue vehicle on a fire hydrant. Their implementation will help eliminate the contradiction between the conditions for the use of fire and rescue vehicles, for which existing standards were developed, and modern conditions, when it is necessary to work in conditions of possible combat defeat.

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