Optimization of the technology of firing tracer from small caliber artillery projectile

 

Ihor Neklonskyi

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5926-7146

 

Oleg Smyrnov

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1536-2031

 

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52363/2524-0226-2022-36-25

 

Keywords: utilization technology, artillery projectiles, tracer compound burning, dynamic programming, optimization

 

Аnnotation

A technological process for discharging 23 mm or 30 mm artillery shells has been developed, which ensures effective disposal of the tracer compound from the shells. Automation of the disposal process is achieved by using a special plant for burning the tracer compound, which is formed into a technological line. Ignition of a combustible substance is initiated using an electromagnetic pulse. The economic feasibility of the proposed technology is due to minimal labor costs, maximum productivity, appropriate level of safety and environmental friendliness. The task of evaluating the efficiency of the disposal process has been formalized. This made it possible to optimize decisions regarding the management of such a process. The formalized model is an additive problem of dynamic programming. The parameterization of the conditions of the problem comes down to the fact that during the planning of a multi-stage technological operation, it is necessary to choose management at each stage taking into account all consequences at future stages. The proposed procedure for solving the problem of optimizing the process of managing the disposal of artillery shells for a multi-stage technological operation. The solution involves the choice of a rational solution in compliance with the principle of optimality. The solution to the problem of dynamic programming of the process of disposal of artillery shells is given in a general form. Research is due to the need to justify effective organizational decisions regarding the improvement of the technological policy of ammunition disposal. The results of the research can be implemented by the executors of disposal works. They can be used by state supervision bodies in the field of man-made and fire safety to carry out examination of disposal of ammunition and explosives.

 

References

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Improvement of the level of labour safety during hostilities

 

Bohdan Tsymbal

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2317-3428

 

Artem Petryshchev

National University «Zaporizhzhya Polytechnic»

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2631-1723

 

Yuriy Dreval

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7347-9430

 

Alexandr Malko

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4868-7887

 

Olena Sharovatova

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2736-2189

 

Yuliia Veretennikova

Kharkiv National University of Civil Engineering and Architecture

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0245-704X

 

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52363/2524-0226-2022-36-24

 

Keywords: labour safety, occupational risk assessment, labour protection, hostilities, hazard classification

 

Аnnotation

The dynamics of changes in the number of accidents and victims at work, which occurred during the performance of labour duties and are related to the conduct of hostilities, is investigated. The statistical data on the intensity of the increase in the number of accidents and injuries at work that occurred during the performance of labour duties and are related to the conduct of hostilities in Ukraine are analysed. The ranking of the number of people affected by sectors of the economy in Ukraine is presented, the largest number of which was in transport, warehousing, postal and courier activities; during the supply of electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning; in public administration and defence; compulsory social insurance; wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles, etc. The forecast of the increase in the number of victims of hostilities compared to the beginning of June 2023 and the beginning of May 2022 is provided. The individual probability of suffering from an accident at work and the occupational risk of death as a result of hostilities were determined and their intensive increase was predicted. The matrix criteria are presented for a more accurate assessment of occupational risks of civilian workers, taking into account all the consequences that may occur during hostilities and the frequency of military danger. The improved methodology for assessing occupational risks caused by hostilities was tested at LLC Kharkiv Dairy, at the workplaces. Using a matrix to assess the magnitude of occupational risks caused by hostilities and the risks of employees directly involved in the implementation of the technological process of milk processing were determined. To improve the level of occupational safety during hostilities, measures were developed to manage occupational risks.

 

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Substantiating the tactical and tactical advantages of a universal tracked fire truck

 

Kostiantyn Ostapov

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1275-741Х

 

Iurii Senchykhyn

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5983-2747

 

VadimAvetisian

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5986-2794

 

Igor Gritsina

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2581-1614

 

Yuri Haponenko

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0854-5710

 

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52363/2524-0226-2022-36-22

 

Keywords: tracked fire engine, powder fire extinguishing, fire extinguishing agent, decision making, tactics

 

Аnnotation

The tactical and technical advantages of tracked fire engines and the task of making rational decisions during firefighting and emergency rescue operations in extreme conditions of military operations are considered. Based on concrete examples of the creation of a fire tank and experimental units "Impulse", the main shortcomings that prevent their use within the city are formulated. The scheme of a universal tracked fire engine on the chassis of a multi-purpose light armored tractor is presented with an innovative division of the package of barrels of the "Grad" artillery system into two packages, which have the ability to independently change the angles of their guidance on the target from the elevation relative to the horizon and along the azimuth. The promising machine is capable of extinguishing ordinary, complex and large fires with water, foam and powder, as well as conducting emergency rescue work in buildings and structures in the war-torn territories of cities and industrial centers. This created the prerequisites for replenishing the fleet of fire engines with new tracked fire engines with improved tactical and technical characteristics. From the point of view of the theory of decision-making, an analysis was carried out and the methods of work of the personnel of fire-rescuers with a universal tracked fire engine in the modes of its engagement, as the main fire engine and as an impulse powder fire extinguishing installation, were clarified.

 

References

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Evaluation of the influence of air humidity on the calculated explosion overpressure

 

Oleksii Roianov

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7631-1030

 

Albert Katunin

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2171-4558

 

Roman Melezhyk

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6425-4147

 

Oleg Bogatov

Kharkiv National Automobile and Highway University

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7342-7556

 

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52363/2524-0226-2022-36-23

 

Keywords: explosion and fire hazard, overpressure of explosion, flammable liquids, category of premises according to fire and explosion hazard

 

Аnnotation

An assessment of the effect of air humidity on the estimated excess pressure of the explosion was carried out during the determination of the category of industrial premises according to the explosion and fire hazard, in which flammable liquids are present, circulating and stored. The study provides data that testify to the quantitative indicators of the presence of water in the form of vapors and their dependence on ambient temperature and humidity. On a specific example with a flammable liquid, the calculation of the overpressure of the explosion was carried out and the hypothesis was put forward that the presence of humidity in the room where there are flammable and combustible liquids can affect the result of determining the calculated overpressure of the explosion, which, in turn, can lead to an incorrect determination categories of premises according to explosion and fire hazard. To confirm the proposed hypothesis, first the calculations were carried out without taking into account the air humidity, and then the assessment was carried out taking into account the air humidity in the room. The initial values of air humidity were chosen in accordance with the requirements for ensuring environmental parameters in production premises. Taking this into account, calculations of mixtures of flammable liquid vapors and water vapors were carried out. The research was based only on the use of theoretical methods, without the use of experimental research. As a result of research, results were obtained that confirmed the hypothesis regarding the influence of humidity on the value of the calculated excess pressure of the explosion. An error in determining the calculated overpressure occurs and requires additional research.

 

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Determination of the parameters of the acoustic device for rescuer equipment

 

Alexander Levterow

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5926-7146

 

Evgeniy Statyvka

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1536-2031

 

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52363/2524-0226-2022-36-21

 

Keywords: acoustic device, sensor, impedance, reflection coefficient, wrecking, unsatisfactory visual control

 

Аnnotation

As part of the use of the effect of acoustic emission, the article considers the possibility of creating spatial orientation devices for equipping rescuers. The introduction of an acoustic device placed on the rescuer's equipment as an additional element of equipment to increase the efficiency of orientation in an environment unsatisfactory for visual control in order to reduce the time of searching for the victim and the time required for evacuation is substantiated. The introduction of an acoustic device to reduce the number of cases of injury to rescuers during emergency rescue operations indoors and in conditions with unsatisfactory visual control, especially in wartime, is substantiated, which will reduce the time of searching for a victim, protect the rescuer from injuries, and reduce the total time spent searching. -rescue works and works to eliminate emergency situations. The most influential characteristics of the emergency situation due to fire on acoustic waves have been determined. It is proposed to use correction coefficients that take into account the influence of the characteristics of the emergency situation on acoustic waves: angle of incidence, concentration of suspended particles, temperature, wave resistance of the medium when determining the parameters of the obstacle and the distance to it in order to increase the accuracy of the measurements. It is proposed to use: reflection coefficient, wave impedance, temperature of the medium. A dependence is proposed that takes into account the effect on the propagation of acoustic waves when determining the shape of the obstacle. A technical solution and a scheme for placing sensors of the acoustic action device on the rescuer's equipment to determine the shape of the obstacle are proposed. Placing acoustic devices on the rescuer's equipment at knee level to reduce injuries when moving in conditions of unsatisfactory visual control is substantiated.

 

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