Method of experimental determining the parameters of impregnating a liquid into the soil

 

Volodymyr Oliinik

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5193-1775

 

Oleksii Basmanov

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6434-6575

 

Yuliia Mykhailovska

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1090-5033

 

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52363/2524-0226-2022-36-2

 

Keywords: liquid spillage, impregnation parameters, Green-Ampt model, porosity coefficient, bulk material

 

Аnnotation

The object of the study is the process of liquid impregnation into bulk material. It was built a mathematical model that determines the parameters of impregnation of liquid into the soil: porosity coefficient, hydraulic conductivity coefficient and suction head. It is assumed that the process of liquid infiltration into the soil is described by the Green-Ampt model. The feature of the model is a boundary between wet and dry soil. The main idea of the method is to choose the impregnation parameters in such a way that the calculated value of the impregnation depth differs as little as possible from the experimentally obtained values. The methodology for estimating the parameters of the model of impregnating the liquid into the soil is given. First, the process of liquid impregnation into a soil sample in a glass measuring cylinder is videotaped. Then the depth of liquid penetration is measured at certain moments of time. The estimate of the porosity coefficient is obtained directly from the experimental data. It was built a minimization problem for estimating the values of the coefficient of hydraulic conductivity and the suction head. The minimum of the sum of the squares of deviations between experimentally determined impregnation depths and the calculated ones was used as a criterion for determining parameter values. The minimization problem is solved by using the gradient descent method. The values of the partial derivatives are approximated by their expressions in finite differences. As an example of the use of proposed method, the parameters of the impregnation of crude oil into sand were evaluated. Comparing the calculated impregnation depth and the experimentally determined one indicates a good coincidence of the results. The proposed method of determining the infiltration parameters can be used in the practical application of the liquid spreading and infiltrating model.

 

References

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Study of the insulating properties of the two-layer system based on fluid light materials

 

Ilham Balasalim Babashov

Academy of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Republic of Azerbaijan

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3294-1767

 

Ilgar Firdosi Dadashov

Academy of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Republic of Azerbaijan

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1533-1094

 

Oleksandr Kireev

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8819-3999

 

Alexander Savchenko

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1305-70415

 

Magomed Yelchyn Musaev

Azerbaijan University of Architecture and Construction

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8553-2617

 

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52363/2524-0226-2022-36-1

Keywords: extinguishing polar flammable liquids, ethanol, loose materials, insulating properties

 

Аnnotation

Experimental studies of the previously proposed method of extinguishing polar liquids with the help of fire extinguishing agents based on light loose porous materials have been continued. It is shown that the most important component of the fire-extinguishing action of such agents is their insulating properties. To reduce the rate of evaporation of highly flammable polar liquids, it is proposed to use binary layers of light free-flowing porous materials. The lower layer provides high buoyancy of the entire fire extinguishing system, and the upper layer has increased insulating properties. Crushed foam glass was chosen as the material of the bottom layer, which provides buoyancy. Swollen perlite and vermiculite, as well as crushed foam glass with granule sizes of 0,5–1 cm and 1–1,5 cm and granular zeolites and silica gel were chosen as the materials of the upper layer. Ethanol was chosen as a widely distributed polar liquid. An experimental technique for determining the insulating properties of a two-layer fire extinguishing system based on loose, lightweight materials has been developed, which allows simultaneous determination of the adsorption of ethanol vapors. Based on the gravimetric measurements, it was established that the insulating properties are increased to the greatest degree by crushed foam glass with a granule size of 0,5–1 cm, expanded perlite and vermiculite with a plate size of 0,2–0,5 cm. It was concluded that for further study of fire extinguishing properties of a two-layer fire extinguishing system intended for extinguishing flammable polar liquids, as a material that provides buoyancy, it is advisable to choose foam glass with a granule size of (1,0–1,5) cm. As a material of the upper layer, it is advisable to try crushed foam glass with a granule size of 0,5–1 cm, expanded perlite, as well as expanded vermiculite with a plate size of 0,2–0,5 cm. Also, for further studies of the fire-extinguishing characteristics of the proposed systems, it is advisable to apply a thin layer of combustion process inhibitors to the selected light loose materials.

 

References

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