Study of requirements for prospective means of fire extinguishing with fine sprayed water

 

Dmytro Dubinin

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8948-5240

 

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52363/2524-0226-2021-33-2

 

Keywords: finely divided water, fire, fire extinguishing, dispersion, supply intensity, fire extinguishing means

 

Abstract

Studies have been conducted on the use of finely sprayed water for firefighting. It is established that finely sprayed water in foreign sources is treated according to the percentage distribution of small and large water droplets, and in domestic only the dispersion of water droplets is indicated, and the percentage distribution is not given. The possibility of its application for extinguishing almost all substances and materials, including pyrophoric, except for substances that react with water with the release of thermal energy and combustible gases (high efficiency in extinguishing fires of classes A, B, C, F and live electrical installations) ). Criteria of efficiency of application of means of fire extinguishing by finely sprayed water are established thus the main criterion is the size of water drops (dispersion), the second intensity of giving of finely sprayed water, and the third addition of additives for the purpose of increase of fire extinguishing efficiency. It is established that the criteria for the effectiveness of finely sprayed water for firefighting will depend primarily on the technical means of firefighting. The technical and economic indicators of modern technical means of foreign manufacturers are determined, which include the principle of operation due to the increased pressure in the system, pump performance, volume (stock) of extinguishing agent, total weight of the mobile installation and cost. The efficiency of extinguishing fires with finely sprayed water, which is due to the increased cooling effect due to the high specific surface of the droplets, uniform distribution of water droplets in the combustion zone, reducing the concentration of oxygen and dilution of combustible vapors and gases in the combustion zone by water vapor. Based on this, the effect of the dispersion of finely divided water during its supply to the fire is calculated, as a result of which it is established that the extraction of heat from the fire will be carried out by heating water droplets to boiling point, heat consumption for steam and heat consumption for steam heating. water to ambient temperature in case of fire.

 

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Improving the installation of fire gasing with gelelating compounds

 

Kostiantyn Ostapov

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1275-741X

 

Yuri Senchykhin

National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5983-2747

 

Volodymyr Syrovoi

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6676-5565

 

Vadym Avetisian

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5986-2794

 

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52363/2524-0226-2021-33-1

 

Keywords: gelling compounds, spray barrel, extinguishing system, plane-radial jet, remote fire extinguishing, exit section

 

Abstract

It is established that the organization of fire extinguishing with the use of gel-forming compounds is a promising direction to increase the efficiency of extinguishing, especially in multi-storey buildings and structures of various functional purposes. Given the shortcomings of existing technical solutions for the use of gel-forming compounds for effective fire extinguishing, the need to develop new structures (spray barrels) is justified. The proposed solutions should ensure, above all, the safety of the fire rescuer. New designs of spray barrels must have a distance of supply of gelling compounds to make work of the operator safe, as well as meet the general technical requirements for fire extinguishers. An autonomous installation of extinguishing with gelling compounds for remote fire extinguishing by plane-radial jets of components of gelling compounds has been developed. It is proposed to fix the spray barrels with a special device to guide them to the object that has to be extinguished with verification of the angles to the horizon, angles of deviation relative to the plane of aiming, the height and width of the symmetrical placement. In this manner, it allows more efficient feeding at a distance of up to 10 meters of the two components of the gelling compounds and prevents premature or delayed mixing. Full-scale samples of RS-10 spray barrels were designed and manufactured to supply flat-radial jets of gel-forming compounds at a distance of up to 10 m. The method of optimal planning of experiments was used to calculate rational values of geometric parameters of the initial cross-section of the RS-10 spray barrel. The problem of 4-factor (second-order) optimal planning of the experiment of the process of plane-radial jet supply by means of RS-10 spray barrels is formulated and carried out. The main design parameters of the spray barrel (cutout of the rigid plate sector and its thickness) are determined, which correspond to the area of rational geometric parameters. The obtained results can be used in the design of extinguishing systems with gelling compounds.

 

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  4. Korytchenko, К., Sakun, О., Dubinin, D. (2018). Experimentalin vestigation of the fire-extinguishingsystemwith a gas-detonation charge fo rflui dacceleration // Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 3/5 (93), 47–54. doi: 10.15587/1729-4061.2018.134193
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