A model for the recovery of explosive objects by search neodymium magnets during underwater demining

Kulakov Oleg

National University of Civil Protection of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5236-1949

Kustov Maksim

National University of Civil Protection of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6960-6399

Makarov Evgen

National University of Civil Protection of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0785-3041

Stepanchuk Sergii

National University of Civil Protection of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6618-4119

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52363/2524-0226-2026-43-1

Keywords: explosive object, underwater demining, coercive force, magnetic induction, neo-dymium magnet

Аnnotation

The possibility of using search neodymium magnets for lifting explosive objects to the water surface has been investigated. It has been shown that the magnitude of the magnetic induction required to lift loads using a magnet depends on the plane of its working surface according to a law close to hyperbolic. Considering that the magnetic permeability of water is close to 1, water slightly weakens the magnetic field passing through it, and the water environment does not significantly affect the magnetic properties of the magnet under the conditions of its proper waterproofing. A model has been constructed that describes the features of lifting explosive objects of cylindrical geometric shape (artillery shells (shots)) to the water surface using search neodymium magnets. Taking into account that the pattern of change in the magnitude of the magnetic induction of the magnetic field outside the magnet does not depend on the source of its origin, it was obtained that the magnetic induction at a distance r from the working surface of a magnet in the form of a disk with a diameter D, magnetized axially. The larger the diameter of the magnet, the slower the magnetic induction decreases with distance from the magnet. From geometric considerations, it was determined that the value of the equivalent air distance between the working surfaces of a magnet in the form of a disk, magnetized axially, and a metal cylinder (equivalent to the body of an artillery shell (shot)) from the diameter of the magnet for all investigated diameters of the metal cylinder (artillery shells (shots) of small and medium calibers) has a parabolic character. As the diameter of the metal cylinder (caliber of the artillery shell (shot)) increases for a fixed value of the magnet diameter, the equivalent air distance decreases. Specific recommendations are made on the selection of a search neodymium magnet for raising artillery shells of caliber 152 mm and 122 mm to the water surface.

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Received by the editorial board: 13.03.2026

Accepted for publication: 18.04.2026

Date of publication (release): 30.05.2026