D. Tregubov, О. Kireev, L. Trefilova, М. Chyrkina, I. Dadashov. Ensuring the balance of properties of floating systems to slow down the evaporation of hazardous liquids. С. 264-281.

 

Ensuring the balance of properties of floating systems to slow down the evaporation of hazardous liquids

 

Dmytro Tregubov

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1821-822X

 

Oleksandr Kireev

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8819-3999

 

Larisa Trefilova

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8939-6491

 

Maryna Chyrkina

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2060-9142

 

Ilgar Firdosi Dadashov

Academy of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Republic of Azerbaijan

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1533-1094

 

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52363/2524-0226-2023-37-19

 

Keywords: evaporation, burnout, mass burnup rate, insulation, cooling, buoyant agent, foam glass, gel

 

Аnnotation

 

The means properties contributions ratio designed to prevent the liquids evaporation and ensure safe vapor concentrations, depending on the values of characteristic temperatures and water solubility, was established. It is proven that limiting the vapor-gas cloud size is achieved by means of the liquid surface insulation or cooling. It is shown that only floating closed-pore solid materials (f.e., foam glass) and solidifying foams can provide a prolonged effect of such means. Attention is focused on specified means disadvantages, such as the low insulating ability of the foam glass and insignificant cooling ability, and for foam that hardens – also the flammability. The existence of lower coefficients of the evaporation retardation by the gel for liquids with greater water solubility was established experimentally. Experimentally, it was established that wet foam glass has a greater cooling capacity than dry foam glass by 5–6 times, with a close dependence for cooling polar and non-polar liquids. It is shown that the cooling effect of the feeding foam glass is smaller for liquids with a vaporization higher heat, and this difference is approximately the same for the cases of the feeding both dry and wet foam glass. It was found that for low-boiling non-polar liquids, the evaporation insulation is more effectively achieved by using an insulating system based on dry foam glass with a gel layer, and for hard-boiling liquids – provided that the cooling system is supplied in the form of the wet foam glass with an additional effect in the form of the air space phlegmatization above the liquid surface with water vapor. It has been proven that reduction of the burning mass rate and the fire extinguishing effect achievement by applying the foam glass layer on the combustible liquid surface occurs in a similar way for liquids with close molar masses and not flash temperatures.

 

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  • D. Tregubov, О. Kireev, L. Trefilova, М. Chyrkina, I. Dadashov. Ensuring the balance of properties of floating systems to slow down the evaporation of hazardous liquids. С. 264-281.