Territorial location of different functional capacity fire departments

Maksym Kustov

National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6960-6399

Oleksander Sobol

National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7133-6519

Oleg Fedoryaka

National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6381-5985

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52363/2524-0226-2021-33-14

Keywords: local territory, level of danger, functional capacity, service area, location of subdivisions

Abstract

Territorial location of different functional fire departments capacity model has been developed. The technique is based on mathematical model of geometric placement of spatial objects of complex shape. The functional capabilities of fire departments are ranked according to the number of forces and means and compared with the levels of fire danger of local areas and individual objects. The proposed approach to the distribution of facilities by individual levels that correspond to the required number of fire departments to ensure a sufficient level of fire safety allows you to get a map of the fire hazard of the local area. The method of territorial location of fire departments takes into account the time of travel to the scene of the fire, taking into account the existing network of transport communications and the gradual increase of strength and resources in extinguishing large-scale fires. The objective function of the model is to minimize the number of fire departments in a particular local area with the provision of an appropriate level of fire safety at each point of this area. Solving the problem of combinatorial optimization using a decision tree allows the use of well-known and effective models and algorithms for automated solutions. The developed technique allows to determine both the most optimal locations of fire departments in urban development, and the permissible areas of their location to assist in planning the construction of the chief architect of the city. This model also allows to determine the permissible areas of location of assistance centers on the territory of the united territorial communities, taking into account the areas of fire service, ambulance and police. The reverse solution of the problem described in the work allows to check the correctness of the already placed fire departments and to determine the areas of the city with an insufficient level of protection against fire threat.

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