Modeling the spilling of flammable liquid in a case of railway accident

Yuriy Abramov

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7901-3768

Oleksii Basmanov

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6434-6575

Volodymyr Oliinik

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5193-1775

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52363/2524-0226-2021-33-3

Keywords: emergency, spill, combustible liquid, forecasting, spreading and infiltration

Abstract

The paper considers the forecasting of the consequences of emergencies caused by the spillage of combustible liquids in railway transport by building mathematical models of the dynamics of spreading the combustible liquid and its infiltrating into the soil. A mathematical model contains a system of two differential equation. The first of them is an equation of parabolic type and describes the dynamics of changing the height of the liquid layer. The second describes the depth of liquid infiltrated into the soil. It is shown that infiltrating into the soil significantly affects to the dynamics of liquid spreading. So it should be taken into account for a correct assessment of the consequences of an emergency caused by damage to the tank with combustible liquid. For the case of instantaneous destruction of a tank with liquid, the system of equations is supplemented by initial conditions that contain a singularity. It is the -function at the point of accident. It is shown that a mathematical model of the gradual outflow of liquid from a damaged tank can be obtained by introducing into the differential equation a term describing the source of outflow of liquid. A method for estimating the parameters of the model of liquid infiltration into the soil is proposed. It is based on measuring the impregnation depth at certain points in time and finding such values of suction head, hydraulic conductivity and soil porosity that provide minimal deviation between the calculated depth and experimentally determined depth. The analytical solution of the equation of liquid infiltration is used for calculating the depth. The method of least squares is used as a criterion. The proposed models can be used for forecasting the consequences of the thermal impact of the fire of fuel spill on the rolling stock and technological structures of the railway.

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