Determining the effectiveness of new agents during the extinction of alcohol-containing motor fuels

Kireev Oleksandr

National University of Civil Protection of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8819-3999

Hapon Yuliana

National University of Civil Protection of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3304-5657

Chyrkina-Kharlamova Maryna

National University of Civil Protection of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2060-9142

Danyk Olena

National University of Civil Protection of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0009-0003-6849-3403

Rusenko Kateryna

National University of Civil Protection of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4866-6032

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52363/2524-0226-2025-42-3

Keywords: benzene ethanol, fire extinguishing capacitycrushed foam glass, perlite, fast-setting foam

Аnnotation

The paper presents the results of experimental studies on the effectiveness of new combined fire extinguishing systems during the elimination of fires involving alcohol-containing motor fuels containing 5 % bioethanol. The introduction of a polar component – ethanol – into the composition of hydrocarbon fuel causes a change in its combustible properties and requires the creation of special extinguishing agents capable of effectively stopping the combustion of such mixtures. The research was carried out using an improved experimental technique, which involved the use of a small laboratory model fire of class “B” and the application of a base layer of loose material 4 cm thick. Granulated foam glass and expanded perlite with varying degrees of moisture content were used as study objects, as well as fast-setting foam applied to the surface of burning benzene ethanol. The bulk density, water retention, and buoyancy of loose materials in benzene ethanol were determined experimentally, which made it possible to evaluate their stability and behavior at the phase boundary during extinguishing. The optimal heights of the fire-extinguishing layers were established: for fast-setting foam – 2.5 cm, dry foam glass – 16 cm, moistened foam glass – 8 cm, a combination of dry foam glass with dry perlite – (5.5+1) cm, and a combination of dry foam glass with moistened perlite – (5+0.5) cm. The results confirmed the ability of loose materials to completely extinguish the combustion of benzoethanol and the possibility of their repeated use without reducing their fire-extinguishing properties. Based on the calculation of the comprehensive efficiency parameter, the proposed systems based on loose materials were found to be superior to traditional foam agents (23.8–24.7 points versus 14.0–16.3 points). The results confirm the feasibility and promise of using such systems to improve fire safety when working with motor fuels containing bioethanol.

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