Quantitative control of technological haracteristics of activated sludge in environmental biotechnologies

Valentyna Iurchenko

M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7123-710X

Svetlana Tkachenko

M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9542-5869

Yulia Levashova

M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6323-2114

Natalia Kosenko

M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4554-0305

Oksana Melnikova

M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5649-2997

Ganna Chernyshenko

M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0685-925X

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52363/2524-0226-2023-37-24

Keywords: activated sludge, flakes, technological characteristics, shape, dimensions, structure, sedimentation properties, adhesion

Аnnotation

For the quantitative control of the technological characteristics of activated sludge in biological treatment plants, a computerized method was developed as part of the presented research, the use of which increases the reliability and man-made safety of the operation of biological treatment plants. The methodology is based on the quantitative determination of geometric (area, volume) and morphological (shape and structure) characteristics of activated sludge flakes during the processing of microphotographs of sludge in the Image J software product. Photographing of microscopic images of sludge was performed at a magnification of 100 times and zoomed using micrometer eyepiece. Currently, the morphological characteristics of activated sludge are determined only visually, which does not allow averaging the data of a large number of samples and generally determines the subjective nature of the assessments. Studies of sludge flakes in adhesions on membranes of a membrane biological reactor showed that flakes from the surface aerobic zone of adhesions have a somewhat rounder shape, smaller linear dimensions, area and volume than sludge flakes from the anaerobic zone in the depth of adhe-sions. Studies of the effect of magnesium ions on the properties of activated sludge flakes showed that with an increase in the concentration of magnesium in the sludge liquid, there is a decrease in the roundness of the flakes, a slight deterioration of the structure, but there is a much more significant increase in linear dimensions (by almost 60 %), area (by 134 %) and extraordinary increase (by 275 %) in the volume of flakes. These indicators indicate an improvement in the technological properties of the flakes and a reduction in their ability to stick to the reactor membranes. The developed computerized technique makes it possible to significantly detail and clarify the results of visual evaluations of the technological characteristics of activated sludge flakes and to detect the smallest changes in the morphological indicators of flakes in various wastewater treatment technologies in a large array of data.

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