Determination of the electrical conductorsparameters in the emergency mode of operation

Yaroslav Kalchenko

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3482-0782

Kostiantyn Afanasenko

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1877-1551

Volodymyr Lypovyi

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1967-0720

Mykhailo Pikalov

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0009-0002-8028-4631

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52363/2524-0226-2023-37-22

Keywords: conductor temperature, short circuit, electric current multiplicity, current-carrying core temperature

Аnnotation

Studies were conducted to determine the parameters of electrical conductors with different cross-sections when a short circuit occurs. The temperature dependences of the current-carrying core of electrical conductors are plotted, depending on the electric current passing through it during a short circuit during the tripping of the protection device. Numerical dependences of the temperature of the current-carrying cores of electric cables with different cross-sections depending on the multiplicity of the electric current are determined, which are presented in the form of a table. The minimum values of the time to reach the temperature of the current-carrying core of electric cables and the ignition temperature of their insulation are determined. It was determined that even if the temperature of the current-carrying core of the electric cable reaches the melting temperature of its insulation, the melting process will not occur if the protection device is in good working order. The parameters of electrical conductors at which ignition of their insulation may occur due to a short circuit are determined. The graphs of the dependence of the multiplicity of the electric current on the time of the short circuit at which the insulation temperature of the electric cables with different cross-sections will reach its ignition temperature are plotted. From the analysis of these dependencies, it follows that depending on the multiplicity of the electric current during a short circuit, electric cables with copper current-carrying cores heat up faster than electric cables with aluminum cores of the same section, which is associated with higher values of permissible currents for conductors with copper cores. It was determined that even at small multiples of the short-circuit current, ignition of the electrical wiring insulation can occur. The minimum values of the parameters of electrical conductors have been determined, at which, in the event of a short circuit in the electrical network with a faulty protection device, ignition of their insulation may occur, which will lead to a fire.

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