Improvement of the method of calculation of explosive charges for destruction of emergency buildings

Ihor Tolkunov

National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5129-3120

Hryhorii Ivanets

National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4906-5265

Ivan Popov

National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4705-4404

Oleg Smirnov

National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1237-8700

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52363/2524-0226-2022-35-6

Keywords: explosive, explosive method of destruction of emergency buildings, TNT drill

Аnnotation

A comparative analysis of existing methods for determining the quantitative and geometric indicators of explosive charges used to justify the decisions made by the heads of pyrotechnic units of the Central Command of the SES of Ukraine for the collapse of emergency buildings and structures unsuitable for further use. Based on the analysis, the method of calculating the mass and dimensions of explosive charges for the collapse of emergency buildings and structures was improved, which consisted in taking into account both the structural indicators of explosive charges and qualitative characteristics of explosives used by pyrotechnic units. The analytical dependencies of the existing methods take into account the value of the charge reduction factor of the explosive, which allows to more accurately quantify the charges of explosive charges and guaranteed to perform tasks for the pyrotechnic unit, which in turn reduces dangerous and unpredictable consequences for personnel and environment. The results of research and proposed improvements were confirmed during the practical implementation of the task of destroying the real brick chimney, located on the territory of «TEREN INVEST» in Ternopol, which was destroyed by explosives in 2020 by forces and means of pyrotechnic emergency. rescue squad of special purpose of the State Emergency Service of Ukraine in Ternopol region. This allowed to develop recommendations for improving the efficiency of demolition of an emergency building or structure unsuitable for further use, explosive method, which is to take into account the characteristics and importance of the task solved by the pyrotechnic unit, design characteristics of explosive charges and their spatial location, and quality characteristics of the substances themselves, which will allow a more balanced and accurate implementation of engineering decisions on the collapse of emergency buildings and structures in an explosive manner.

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