Investigation of fire extinguishing properties of binary layers of lightweight porous materials

Viktoriya Makarenko

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5629-1159

Oleksandr Kireev

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8819-3999

Dmitry Tregubov

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1821-822X

Maryna Chyrkina

National University of Civil Defenсe of Ukraine

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2060-9142

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52363/2524-0226-2021-33-18

Keywords: flammable liquids, gasoline, liquid extinguishing, binary fire extinguishing system, mass burnup rate, perlite, vermiculite, foam glass, wetted materials

Abstract

To extinguish flammable liquids, it is proposed to use binary layers of granular foam glass + other light porous material. Granular foam glass serves as a material that ensures the buoyancy of the binary system. Exfoliated perlite and vermiculite are selected as materials that provide mainly insulating properties of the binary fire extinguishing system. The bulk density of light porous materials, their buoyancy and moisture retention have been experimentally determined. It is established that the low buoyancy of expanded perlite and vermiculite does not allow their direct use without prior application of a layer of crushed foam glass to extinguish gasoline. Experimental data obtained by the gravimetric method on mass burn-up rates and attenuation conditions of gasoline on the surface of which a binary fire-extinguishing layer of dry and wetted porous materials is applied are presented. It was found that the mass burnout rate of gasoline at a foam glass layer thickness of 0, 2 and 4 cm was 9.2 g / (m2 • s), 6.0 g / (m2 • s) and 2.7 g / (m2 • s), respectively ). In the case of using dry exfoliated perlite and vermiculite, which is applied to the base layer of foam glass with a height of 4 cm mass burning rate of gasoline is reduced by 2-4 times compared with the same layers of foam glass. The total fire-extinguishing height of the layer of dry perlite and vermiculite applied to the base layer of foam glass with a height of 4 cm is 2 cm. To extinguish gasoline only dry foam glass requires a layer of foam glass 6 cm applied to the base layer. In the case of using wetted materials with maximum moisture content applied to the base layer of foam glass, gasoline quenching is achieved by a layer thickness of wet foam glass 3 cm, and perlite and vermiculite 1 cm. Wetting of foam glass, exfoliated perlite and vermiculite and vermiculite leads to an increase in the fire-extinguishing properties of light porous materials.

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